{"id":10410,"date":"2023-04-23T09:44:36","date_gmt":"2023-04-23T07:44:36","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/?p=10410"},"modified":"2024-05-13T14:57:14","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T12:57:14","slug":"podnik-a-jeho-znaky","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/podnik-a-jeho-znaky\/","title":{"rendered":"Podnik a jeho znaky"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Podnik a znaky podniku<\/h2>\n<p>Stret\u00e1vame sa s reprodukovan\u00edm <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/podnikatelske-riziko-a-postoje-podnikatela-k-riziku\/\">podstaty podniku pod\u013ea E. Gutenberga<\/a>, ktor\u00fd charakterizuje podstatu priemyseln\u00e9ho podniku pomocou nasleduj\u00facich v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch znakov.<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Kombin\u00e1cia v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch faktorov ide na strane vstupov o vybavenie pracovn\u00fdmi, finan\u010dn\u00fdmi, hmotn\u00fdmi zdrojmi.<\/li>\n<li>Princ\u00edp hospod\u00e1rnosti ide o snahu podniku kona\u0165 \u010do najhospod\u00e1rnej\u0161ie a to pomocou:\n<ul>\n<li>Maximaliz\u00e1cie v\u00fdstupu \u010di\u017ee pri dan\u00fdch vstupoch dosiahnu\u0165, \u010do najvy\u0161\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdstup alebo<\/li>\n<li>Minimaliz\u00e1cia vstupu tak\u017ee dan\u00fd v\u00fdstup realizova\u0165 pri \u010do najmen\u0161\u00edch vstupoch alebo<\/li>\n<li>Optimaliz\u00e1cie vz\u0165ahu medzi vstupmi a v\u00fdstupmi tak\u017ee maj\u00fa by\u0165 vstupy a v\u00fdstupy vz\u00e1jomne zladen\u00fd tak, aby sa pod\u013ea dan\u00fdch kriteri\u00ed dali rie\u0161i\u0165 ekonomicky optim\u00e1lne.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>Princ\u00edp finan\u010dnej rovnov\u00e1hy je to schopnos\u0165 podniku plni\u0165 svoje platobn\u00e9 povinnosti.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>\u0160pecifick\u00fdmi znakmi podniku pod\u013ea E. Gutenberga s\u00favisia s uplat\u0148ovan\u00edm hospod\u00e1rskeho syst\u00e1mu. Vymedzuje \u0161pecifick\u00e9 znaky v trhovej ekonomike:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Princ\u00edp s\u00fakromn\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edctva je to vlastn\u00edcka forma, ktorej v\u00fdsledkom je, \u017ee vlastn\u00edk podniku si vyhradzuje pr\u00e1vo nepriamo alebo priamo sa z\u00fa\u010dast\u0148ova\u0165 na riadeniach podniku.<\/li>\n<li>Princ\u00edp ziskovosti hovor\u00ed o nevyhnutnosti zisku ako v\u00fdsledku podnikate\u013eskej \u010dinnosti a tendenci\u00ed k maximaliz\u00e1ci\u00ed zisku vo vz\u0165ahu k vlo\u017een\u00e9mu kapit\u00e1lu.<\/li>\n<li>Princ\u00edp auton\u00f3mie pri tomto princ\u00edpe sa vyjadruje sloboda a nen\u00e1vis\u0165 podnikate\u013eskej \u010dinnosti, ktor\u00e1 je riaden\u00e1 trhov\u00fdmi vz\u0165ahmi bez direkt\u00edvnych \u0161t\u00e1tnych z\u00e1sahov. Podnik ma mo\u017enos\u0165 vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 pr\u00edle\u017eitosti na trhu ale mus\u00ed zn\u00e1\u0161a\u0165 v\u0161etky rizik\u00e1, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa spojen\u00e9 s podnikate\u013eskm\u00fdm ne\u00faspechom.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Definovanie podniku<\/h2>\n<p>Obchodn\u00fd z\u00e1konn\u00edk v \u00a7 5 ods. 1 definuje ,,<em>podnik ako s\u00fabor hmotn\u00fdch, ako aj osobn\u00fdch a nehmotn\u00fdch zlo\u017eiek podnikania<\/em>.\u201c K podniku patria veci, pr\u00e1va a in\u00e9 majetkov\u00e9 hodnoty, ktor\u00e9 patria podnikate\u013eovi a tie sl\u00fa\u017eia na prev\u00e1dzkovanie podniku, alebo vzh\u013eadom na svoju povahu maj\u00fa na tento \u00fa\u010del sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165. (Citovan\u00e9 pod\u013ea Obchodn\u00e9ho z\u00e1konn\u00edka \u00a7 5 ods. 1. [on line] [cit. 2011-03-21]. Dostupn\u00e9 na i: &lt;http:\/\/www.exekutor.sk\/poradna\/obchodny.htm&gt;.)<br \/>\nHl\u00e1vnymi zlo\u017ekami podniku s\u00fa:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Hmotn\u00e9 zlo\u017eky ako budovy, stroje , pozemky, zariadenia a pod.,<\/li>\n<li>Nehmotn\u00fdmi zlo\u017ekami s\u00fa patenty, licencie, know-how, zria\u010fovacie v\u00fddavky, obchodn\u00e1 zna\u010dka a pod.,<\/li>\n<li>Osobn\u00e1 zlo\u017eka \u2013 zamestnanci, ktor\u00ed vo firme pracuj\u00fa.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Podnik m\u00f4\u017eeme charakterizova\u0165 aj ako samostatn\u00fa ekonomick\u00fa oraganiz\u00e1ciu, ktorej \u00fa\u010delom je uspokojovanie z\u00e1ujmov a potrieb vlastn\u00edkov a z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov. V dne\u0161nej dobe d\u00e1vame d\u00f4raz aj na soci\u00e1lny a ekologick\u00fd rozmer podnikate\u013eskej \u010dinnosti t\u00fdm, \u017ee ciele podniku sa roz\u0161iruj\u00fa o uspokojovanie z\u00e1ujmov zamestnancov a verejnosti ako aj o zodpovednos\u0165 vo\u010di \u017eivotn\u00e9mu prostrediu.<\/p>\n<h2>Ciele podniku<\/h2>\n<p>Pri rozhodovan\u00ed o vyt\u00fd\u010den\u00ed cie\u013eov podniku mus\u00ed podnik <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/3-hlavne-otazky-podnikatela\/\">zodpoveda\u0165 3 z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 ot\u00e1zky<\/a>: \u010co vyr\u00e1ba\u0165?, Ako vyr\u00e1ba\u0165?, Pre koho vyr\u00e1ba\u0165?<br \/>\nVyt\u00fd\u010denie cie\u013eov s\u00fa d\u00f4le\u017eitou s\u00fa\u010das\u0165ou pri vytv\u00e1ran\u00ed kvalitnej podnikovej strat\u00e9gie, ide o pre\u017eitie podniku v neust\u00e1le sa meniacom prostred\u00ed. V jasne formu\u013eovyn\u00fdch cie\u013aoch sa odzrkad\u013euje potreba podnikov\u00fdch vstupov ako aj v\u00fdstupov ako aj potrebn\u00fd priebeh transforma\u010dn\u00e9ho procesu a jeho efekt\u00edvnos\u0165.<br \/>\nV\u0161eobecn\u00e9 ciele podniky s\u00fa hlavne dosahovanie maximalnemu zisku, dosahovanie trval\u00e9ho ekonomick\u00e9ho rastu ako aj dosahovanie ekonomickej stability. Medzi nasleduj\u00face ciele patria napr\u00edklad rastov\u00fd cie\u013e, ktor\u00fd ide o cie\u013e pri ktorom sa podnik zameriava na vlastn\u00fd rozvoj, ide hlavne o rast objemu v\u00fdroby, rast po\u010dtu pracovn\u00edkov ako aj vybavenos\u0165 v\u00fdrobn\u00fdmi faktormi. D\u00f4chodkov\u00fd cie\u013e je cie\u013e pri ktorom sa podnik sna\u017ei dosahova\u0165 vlastn\u00e9 d\u00f4chodky a nimi zabezpe\u010duje uspokojovanie cie\u013eov a z\u00e1ujmov podniku a tvor\u00ed zdroje na pokrytie potrieb reprodukcie. \u010c\u00edm je objem realizovanej produkcie a \u010d\u00edm s\u00fa ni\u017e\u0161ie n\u00e1klady t\u00fdm je naplnenie cie\u013ea vy\u0161\u0161ie. Inova\u010dn\u00fd cie\u013e sa vytv\u00e1ra prostredn\u00edctvom inov\u00e1ci\u00ed vo v\u00fdrobe, zmenou technol\u00f3gi\u00ed ako aj pracovn\u00fdch postupov, pomocou nov\u00fdch pestovate\u013esk\u00fdch, v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch, chovate\u013esk\u00fdch met\u00f3d, zais\u0165ovania rastu produkcie a t\u00fdm aj tvorbu nov\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov. Organiza\u010dn\u00fd cie\u013e ten s\u00favis\u00ed na optimaliz\u00e1ciu a racionali\u00e1ciu vlastnej v\u00fdrobnej produkcie.<\/p>\n<h2>Funkcie podniku<\/h2>\n<p>Stanovenie cie\u013eovej funkcie podnikou patr\u00ed medzi z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 \u00falohy podniku. Cie\u013eovou funkciou predstavuje s\u00fastava cie\u013eov, ktor\u00e9 si ka\u017ed\u00fd podnik stanov\u00ed. Toto vypl\u00fdva z rozdielnych z\u00e1ujmov skup\u00edn ako aj jednotlivcov podniku, ale aj jeho okolia. Ak ciele podniku dosahuj\u00fa ekonomick\u00fa dimenziu, charakterizujeme ich ako monet\u00e1rne ciele, ktor\u00e9 predstavuj\u00fa ciele v\u00fdkonn\u00e9, finan\u010dn\u00e9, ciele z oblasti zisku , rentability a pod. Ak maj\u00fa ciele podniku soci\u00e1lnu dimenziu, naz\u00fdvame ich nemonet\u00e1rnymi cielmi, tie predstavuj\u00fa soci\u00e1lne podmienky, spravodlivos\u0165 v odme\u0144ovan\u00ed a pod. (www.ekonom.sk)<br \/>\nMedzi funkcie podniku patria napr\u00edklad <em>funkcia podnikate\u013esk\u00e1<\/em> hlavne je s\u00fastavn\u00e9 a cie\u013eavedom\u00e9 vyu\u017e\u00edvanie podnikov\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu spolu s tvoriv\u00fdm potenci\u00e1lom na maximaliz\u00e1ciu zisku pri predchadzaj\u00facom uspokojen\u00ed potrieb z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov. <em>Ekonomick\u00e1 funkcia<\/em> zahr\u0148uje viacero oblast\u00ed finan\u010dn\u00fa, odbytov\u00fa aj z\u00e1sobovaciu, cie\u013eom je vy\u010d\u00edsli\u0165 finan\u010dn\u00fd v\u00fdsledok zabezpe\u010di\u0165 podnik finan\u010dn\u00fdmi a hmotn\u00fdmi prostriedkami a zis\u0165ova\u0165 vplyv odberate\u013eov na podnikov\u00fa organiz\u00e1ciu. <em>V\u00fdrobn\u00e1 funkcia<\/em> zabezpe\u010duje sa \u0148ou hlavn\u00e1 n\u00e1pl\u0148 \u010dinnosti podniky, podmie\u0148uje rozsah a obsah koopera\u010dn\u00fdch a obchodn\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov. <em>Organiza\u010dn\u00e1 funkcia<\/em> vyjadruje organiza\u010dn\u00e9 usporiadanie podniku,ide tu o pl\u00e1novanie a v\u00fdber zamestnancov.<em>Vedecko-technick\u00e1 funkcia<\/em> zabezpe\u010duje v\u00fdroby pracovn\u00fdmi silami a hmotn\u00fdm majetkom, z h\u013eadiska kvality a kvalifik\u00e1cie, zaradenie do organiza\u010dn\u00fdch jednotiek tak, aby podnik dosiahlo svoje podnikovo-hospod\u00e1rske ciele podniku, inov\u00e1cie, technol\u00f3gie, technika, v\u00fdskum a v\u00fdvoj produktov. <em>Samospr\u00e1vna funkcia<\/em> hlavnou \u00falohou je prostredn\u00edctvom samospr\u00e1vnych org\u00e1nov zabezpe\u010di\u0165 autoregul\u00e1ciu podniku. (Funkcie podniku. Dostupn\u00e9 na:&lt;http:\/\/www.zones.sk\/studentske-prace\/manazment\/4181-charakteristika-znaky-a-funkcie-podniku\/&gt;) (Podnik a jeho \u010dinnos\u0165. Dostupn\u00e9 na:&lt;http:\/\/www.zones.sk\/studentske-prace\/ekonomia\/3878-podnik-a-jeho-cinnos\u0165\/&gt;)<br \/>\nMimo ekonomick\u00fdmi funkciami rozumieme funkcie \u010do priamo nes\u00favisia s hospod\u00e1rskou \u010dinnos\u0165ou a to s\u00fa nasleduj\u00face funkcie ako <em>soci\u00e1lna funkcia<\/em> zabezpe\u010denie soci\u00e1lnej efekt\u00edvnosti v\u00fdroby zamestnanosti pracovn\u00edkov a vytv\u00e1ranie podmienok na ich uplatnenie rozumov\u00fdch a schopnost\u00ed hlavne kv\u00f4li zv\u00fd\u0161eniu och odbornej ako aj mor\u00e1lnej \u00farovne. Podnik sa sna\u017e\u00ed zv\u00fd\u0161i\u0165 soci\u00e1lnu \u00farove\u0148 podniku. <em>Bilogick\u00e1- ekologick\u00e1 funkcia<\/em> zabezpe\u010duje tvorbu a ochranu \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia, v\u00fdrobu ekologick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov,v\u00fdrobu kvalitn\u00fdch potrav\u00edn a pou\u017e\u00edvanie ekologick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch postupov, dokonca sa jedn\u00e1 aj o v\u00fdstavbu \u010disti\u010diek odpadov\u00fdch v\u00f4d. <em>Enviroment\u00e1lna funkcia<\/em> tvorba a ochrana \u017eivotn\u00e9ho prostredia, v\u00fdroba ekologick\u00fdch v\u00fdrobkov spotrebn\u00e9ho priemyslu ako aj kvalitn\u00fdch potrav\u00edn. <em>Bezpe\u010dnostn\u00e1 funkcia<\/em> hlavne ide o dodr\u017eiavanie bezpe\u010dnostn\u00fdch predpisov, a dodr\u017eiavanie a zabezpe\u010denie ochrann\u00fdch pom\u00f4cok<strong>. <\/strong><em>Kult\u00farno \u2013 spolo\u010densk\u00e1 funkcia<\/em> podnik orgabizuje kult\u00farne akcie pre zamestnancov a ich rodiny. <em>Vzdel\u00e1vacia funkcia<\/em> podnik poskytuje zvy\u0161ovanie kvalifik\u00e1cie zamestnancov pomocou \u0161kolen\u00ed. (Chodasov\u00e1, A., Bujinov\u00e1,D., 1996)<\/p>\n<h2>Subjekty cie\u013eov\u00e9ho rozhodovania<\/h2>\n<p>Ciele podniku predstavuj\u00fa procesy, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa zlo\u017eit\u00e9 a dlhodob\u00e9, ktor\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledkom je zlo\u017eit\u00fd rozhodovac\u00ed proces. Za rozvojom odniku je mal\u00fd t\u00edm vrcholov\u00e9ho vedenia, ktor\u00ed sa venuj\u00fa strategick\u00fdm ot\u00e1zkam, tak\u017ee ciele podniku predstavuj\u00fa kompromis medzi jednotliv\u00fdmi z\u00e1ujmov\u00fdmi skupinami.<br \/>\nSubjekty cie\u013eov\u00e9ho rozhodovanie mo\u017eno rozdeli\u0165 na extern\u00e9 a intern\u00e9.<br \/>\nIntern\u00fdmi z\u00e1ujmov\u00fdmi skupinami \u010di\u017ee tie, ktor\u00e9 p\u00f4sobia priamo v podniku s\u00fa:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Vlastn\u00edci (shareholders) s\u00fa to majoritn\u00fd vlastn\u00edci, ktor\u00ed sleduj\u00fa dlhodob\u00e9 ciele a men\u0161inov\u00fd vlastn\u00edci sleduj\u00fa svoje ciele<\/li>\n<li>Mana\u017e\u00e9ri sleduj\u00fa hlavne ciele vlastn\u00edkov ale aj zamestnancov.<\/li>\n<li>Zamestnanci sa s\u00fastre\u010fuj\u00fa na udr\u017eanie, zv\u00fd\u0161enie svojich platov a na profesion\u00e1lny rast,<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Extern\u00fdmi z\u00e1ujmov\u00fdmi skupinami sa nach\u00e1dzaj\u00fa priamo v podniku s\u00fa:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Odberatelia sleduj\u00fa objem a kvalitu v\u00fdrobkov a slu\u017eieb za primeran\u00fa cenu,<\/li>\n<li>Dod\u00e1vatelia cie\u013eom s\u00fa stabiln\u00e9 podmienky objemu dod\u00e1vok, predaja, dodr\u017eiavanie term\u00ednov, v\u010dasne uhradzanie poh\u013ead\u00e1vok,<\/li>\n<li>Veritelia kontroluj\u00fa v\u010dasn\u00e9 a efekt\u00edvne zhodnotenie svojich vkladov a pod.<\/li>\n<li>\u0160t\u00e1t zauj\u00edma sa o pravideln\u00e9 a vysok\u00e9 da\u0148ov\u00e9 pr\u00edjmy, na vytv\u00e1ranie nov\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch miest, na ekologickom spr\u00e1van\u00ed a pod. (Hontyov\u00e1, K., Lis\u00fd, J., Majduchov\u00e1, H., 2007)<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Z\u00e1ujmom z\u00e1ujmov\u00fdch skup\u00edn je hlavne dlhodob\u00e1 existencia podniku, lebo ak podnik prosperuje, je mo\u017en\u00e9 uspokoji\u0165 z\u00e1ujmy jednotliv\u00fdch skup\u00edn.<br \/>\nDosahovanie v\u00fdnosov, ktor\u00e9 by mali by\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161ie ako vynalo\u017een\u00e9 n\u00e1klady je hlavn\u00fdm v\u00fdznamom podnikania, z v\u00fdnosov je potrebn\u00e9 uspokoji\u0165 v\u0161etk\u00fdch stakeholders a to vyplati\u0165 mzdy, \u00faroky, dane, poplatky a pod. Ak z toho nie\u010do zostane predstavuje to z\u00e1klad na ur\u010denie sharedholder value. (\u017duffa, M., 2003)<\/p>\n<h2>Delenie podnikov pod\u013ea odpor\u00fa\u010dania \u010d. 2003\/361\/EC<\/h2>\n<p>Podniky sa rozde\u013euj\u00fa z viacer\u00fdch h\u013ead\u00edsk, v bakal\u00e1rskej pr\u00e1ci sa venujeme mal\u00fdm a stredn\u00fdm podnikom z tohto d\u00f4vodu si budeme definova\u0165 pr\u00e1ve tieto podniky.<br \/>\nPod\u013ea Komisie 2003\/361\/ ES zo 6 m\u00e1ja je podnik definovan\u00fd nasledovne:<br \/>\n\u201e <em>Za podnik sa pova\u017euje ka\u017ed\u00fd subjekt, ktor\u00fd vykon\u00e1va hospod\u00e1rsku \u010dinnos\u0165 bez oh\u013eadu na jeho pr\u00e1vnu formu. Sem patria najm\u00e4 samostatne z\u00e1robkovo \u010dinn\u00e9 osoby a rodinn\u00e9 podniky, ktor\u00e9 vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa remeseln\u00edcke alebo in\u00e9 \u010dinnosti a partnerstv\u00e1 alebo zdru\u017eenia, ktor\u00e9 pravidelne vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa hospod\u00e1rsku \u010dinnos\u0165<\/em>.\u201c (Komisia 2006\/361\/ES)<br \/>\nPod\u013ea tejto Komisie sa ur\u010duj\u00fa kateg\u00f3rie podnikov nasledovne:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Kateg\u00f3riu mikro, mal\u00fdch a stredn\u00fdch podnikov( MSP) tvoria tak\u00e9 podniky, ktor\u00e9 zamestn\u00e1vaj\u00fa men\u0161\u00ed po\u010det ako 250 os\u00f4b a ktor\u00fdch ro\u010dn\u00fd obrat nepresahuje 50 mil. eur alebo ak celkov\u00e1 s\u00favaha nepresahuje 43 mil. eur.<\/li>\n<li>V kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed MSP sa mal\u00fd podnik definuje ako: \u201e <em>podnik, ktor\u00fd zamestn\u00e1va menej ako 50 os\u00f4b a ktor\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00fd obrat a\/alebo celkov\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u00e1 s\u00favaha nepresahuje 10 mil. eur<\/em>.\u201c<\/li>\n<li>V kateg\u00f3ri\u00ed MSP sa mikro podnik definuje ako: <em>\u201e podnik, ktor\u00fd zamestn\u00e1va menej ako 10 os\u00f4b a ktor\u00e9ho ro\u010dn\u00fd obrat a\/alebo celkov\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u00e1 s\u00favaha nepresahuje 2 mil eur<\/em>.\u201c (Komisia 2006\/361\/ES)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Pou\u017eit\u00e1 literat\u00fara<\/h2>\n<p>CHODASOV\u00c1, A., BUJINOV\u00c1,D. <em>Mal\u00e9 a stredn\u00e9 podniky<\/em>. 1.vyd. Bratislava: Ekon\u00f3m, 1996. 129 s. ISBN 80-225-0724-5<br \/>\nGOODALL, B. <em>Dictionary of Human Geography<\/em>, 1, vyd. London, Penguin Group, 1987, 509 s. ISBN 80-7179-631-X.<br \/>\nHONTYOV\u00c1, K., LIS\u00dd, J., MAJD\u00daCHOV\u00c1, H. : <em>Z\u00e1klady ekon\u00f3mie a ekonomiky<\/em>. Bratislava: EKON\u00d3M, 2007, [on line] [cit. 2015-03-25]. Dostupn\u00e9 na internete: &lt;http:\/\/www.ekono.webzdarma.cz\/text\/podnik_podnikanie.pdf&gt; s.4.Po<br \/>\n\u017dUFFA, M. V. J. : <em>Podnik \u2013 \u017eiv\u00fd organizmus<\/em>. Pre\u0161ov: Vydavate\u013estvo M. Va\u0161ka, 2003<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Podnik a znaky podniku Stret\u00e1vame sa s reprodukovan\u00edm podstaty podniku pod\u013ea E. Gutenberga, ktor\u00fd charakterizuje podstatu priemyseln\u00e9ho podniku pomocou nasleduj\u00facich v\u0161eobecn\u00fdch znakov. Kombin\u00e1cia v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch faktorov &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":24949,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[551,52],"tags":[137],"class_list":["post-10410","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-podnikam","category-podnikanie","tag-ciele"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Podnik a jeho znaky<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Defin\u00edcia, znaky a funkcie podniku. Subjekty cie\u013eov\u00e9ho rozhodovania. 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