{"id":11942,"date":"2023-05-01T09:56:29","date_gmt":"2023-05-01T07:56:29","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/?p=11942"},"modified":"2024-05-13T14:57:13","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T12:57:13","slug":"trh-prace","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/trh-prace\/","title":{"rendered":"Trh pr\u00e1ce"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>Charakteristika trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/h2>\n<p>Trh pr\u00e1ce predstavuje na jednej strane ponuku pracovn\u00fdch miest a na druhej strane ponuku pracovn\u00fdch s\u00edl. Trh pr\u00e1ce je rozhoduj\u00faci pre porozumenie fluktu\u00e1cii v hospod\u00e1rskom cykle a pre pochopenie d\u00f4sledkov najm\u00e4 pre <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ekonomika\/narodne-hospodarstvo\/monetarna-politika\/\">menov\u00fa politiku<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Ke\u010f sa dopyt rovn\u00e1 ponuke<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Ide\u00e1lny stav na trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/strong> je tak\u00fd, ke\u010f dopyt po pracovn\u00fdch miestach sa rovn\u00e1 ponuke pracovn\u00fdch s\u00edl, resp. ponuka pracovn\u00fdch miest sa rovn\u00e1 dopytu po pracovn\u00fdch miestach, alebo aj dopyt po pracovn\u00fdch sil\u00e1ch sa rovn\u00e1 ponuke pracovn\u00fdch s\u00edl.<\/p>\n<h2>Proces vyh\u013ead\u00e1vania pracovn\u00edkov<\/h2>\n<p>Proces vyh\u013ead\u00e1vania a naj\u00edmania pracovn\u00edkov je n\u00e1kladn\u00fd a \u010dasovo n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd ako pre firmy, tak aj pre \u010dlenov dom\u00e1cnosti h\u013eadaj\u00facich zamestnanie. Vo\u013en\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 miesta na Slovensku n\u00e1jdete na str\u00e1nke Jooble.com.<\/p>\n<h3>Produkt\u00edvne a neprodukt\u00edvne pracovn\u00e9 miesto<\/h3>\n<p>Pracovn\u00e9 miesto m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 zaplnen\u00e9 a produkt\u00edvne (v\u00fdnosn\u00e9), alebo naopak, nezaplnen\u00e9 a neprodukt\u00edvne.<br \/>\nK zaplneniu svojich vo\u013en\u00fdch pracovn\u00fdch miest, firmy potrebuj\u00fa zverejni\u0165 inzer\u00e1ty, n\u00e1sledne preveri\u0165 schopnosti potenci\u00e1lnych uch\u00e1dza\u010dov, pr\u00edpadne ich za\u0161koli\u0165 a v neposlednom rade firm\u00e1m vznikaj\u00fa aj<br \/>\nn\u00e1klady za pren\u00e1jom.<br \/>\nPracovn\u00edci sa pova\u017euj\u00fa za identick\u00fdch (nel\u00ed\u0161ia sa ich znalosti, schopnosti a pod.) a m\u00f4\u017eu by\u0165 zamestnan\u00ed alebo nezamestnan\u00ed. Len v pr\u00edpade obsadenia vo\u013en\u00e9ho pracovn\u00e9ho miesta zamestnancom je mo\u017en\u00e9 vytvori\u0165 v\u00fdstup, a miesto sa tak st\u00e1va v\u00fdnosn\u00fdm.<\/p>\n<h2>\u010clenenie trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/h2>\n<h3>Vn\u00fatorn\u00fd a vonkaj\u0161\u00ed trh pr\u00e1ce<\/h3>\n<p>Pozn\u00e1me vn\u00fatorn\u00fd trh pr\u00e1ce a vonkaj\u0161\u00ed trh pr\u00e1ce:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>Vn\u00fatorn\u00fd trh pr\u00e1ce<\/strong> je dopyt a ponuka pr\u00e1ce vo vn\u00fatri firmy<\/li>\n<li><strong>Vonkaj\u0161\u00ed trh pr\u00e1ce<\/strong> je dopyt a ponuka pr\u00e1ce medzi obyvate\u013estvom a podnikmi v danej ekonomike<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Trh prim\u00e1rneho a sekund\u00e1rneho sektora<\/h3>\n<p>U n\u00e1s sa tie\u017e eviduje:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>trh <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ekonomika\/narodne-hospodarstvo\/sektory-narodneho-hospodarstva\/\">prim\u00e1rneho sektora<\/a><\/strong> &#8211; dobr\u00e9 pracovn\u00e9 miesta, vysok\u00e1 mzda, \u0161tedr\u00e9 zamestnaneck\u00e9 p\u00f4\u017eitky a dobr\u00e9 vyhliadky na bud\u00facu kari\u00e9ru<\/li>\n<li><strong>trh sekund\u00e1rneho sektora<\/strong>&#8211; je trhom so zl\u00fdmi pracovn\u00fdmi miestami s\u00a0n\u00edzkou mzdou, malou atraktivitou, minim\u00e1lnou pracovnou istotou.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Toky na trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/h2>\n<p>Na trhu pr\u00e1ce je predmetom k\u00fapy a predaja pracovn\u00e1 sila. Plat\u00ed, \u017ee:<br \/>\n<strong>Pracovn\u00e1 sila (L) = zamestnan\u00ed (e) + nezamestnan\u00ed (u) = EAO ekonomicky akt\u00edvne obyvate\u013estvo<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Zamestnan\u00ed (E):<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Zamestnanci ako fyzick\u00e9 osoby, ktor\u00e9 vykon\u00e1vaj\u00fa pr\u00e1cu<\/li>\n<li>Zamestn\u00e1vatelia \u2013 pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 osoby<\/li>\n<li>SZ\u010cO<\/li>\n<li>\u010clenovia dru\u017estiev<\/li>\n<li>Zamestnanci v\u00a0civilnom sektore<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Nezamestnan\u00ed:<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Nezamestnan\u00edch tvoria jednotlivci, nie s\u00fa zamestnan\u00ed, ale akt\u00edvne si pr\u00e1cu h\u013eadaj\u00fa (s\u00fa evidovan\u00ed na \u00farade)<\/li>\n<li><strong>ENO (ekonomicky neakt\u00edvne obyvate\u013estvo) <\/strong>s\u00fa jednotlivci, ktor\u00ed nesp\u013a\u0148aj\u00fa kriet\u00e9ria pre EAO &#8211; ekonomicky akt\u00edvne obyvate\u013estvo (\u0161tudenti, matersk\u00e1 dovolenka, dlhodob\u00e1 pracovn\u00e1 neschopnos\u0165, invalidn\u00ed a starobn\u00ed d\u00f4chodcovia, obyvate\u013estvo bez evidencie na \u00farade pr\u00e1ce), patria sem aj \u013eudia finan\u010dne zabezpe\u010den\u00ed, ale nemusia pracova\u0165.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Toky na trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/h2>\n<p>Na trhu pr\u00e1ce doch\u00e1dza k\u00a07 tokom medzi t\u00fdmito kateg\u00f3riami:<\/p>\n<table>\n<tbody>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"205\"><\/td>\n<td width=\"205\"><strong>Z kateg\u00f3rie TP<\/strong><\/td>\n<td width=\"205\"><strong>Do kateg\u00f3rie TP<\/strong><\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"205\">TOK1 (absolventi \u0161k\u00f4l)<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">Eno<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">E<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"205\">TOK2 (odchod na d\u00f4chodok)<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">E<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">ENO<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"205\">TOK3 (prechod z\u00a0jedn\u00e9ho zamestnania do druh\u00e9ho)<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">E<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">E<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"205\">TOK4 (z\u00edskanie nov\u00e9ho miesta)<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">U<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">E<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"205\">TOK5 (strata zamestnania)<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">E<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">U<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"205\">TOK6 (n\u00e1vrat po materskej, \u0161tudenti h\u013eadaj\u00faci miesto)<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">ENO<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">U<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<tr>\n<td width=\"205\">TOK7 (odchod za pr\u00e1cou do zahrani\u010dia)<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">U<\/td>\n<td width=\"205\">ENO<br \/>\n&nbsp;<\/td>\n<\/tr>\n<\/tbody>\n<\/table>\n<p><em>Legenda:<\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>ENO &#8211; ekonomicky neakt\u00edvne obyvate\u013estvo<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>E \u2013 zamestnan\u00ed<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>U \u2013 nezamestatn\u00ed<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Trendy na trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/h2>\n<p>Probl\u00e9my zamestnanosti na trhu pr\u00e1ce s\u00favisia s\u00a0<strong>kvantitat\u00edvnymi a\u00a0kvalitat\u00edvnymi aspektmi.<\/strong><br \/>\n<strong>Kvantitat\u00edvne aspekty<\/strong> \u2013 nerovnov\u00e1ha dopytu a\u00a0ponuky a\u00a0 z\u00a0nej rast\u00faca nezamestnanos\u0165, n\u00edzka v\u00fdkonnos\u0165 a\u00a0produktivita ekonomick\u00fdch subjektov, zaost\u00e1vanie dopytu po pr\u00e1ci za ponukou pr\u00e1ce<br \/>\n<strong>Kvalitat\u00edvne aspekty \u2013 <\/strong>motiv\u00e1cia zamestnancov, kvalita odvedenej pr\u00e1ce<\/p>\n<h2>Pr\u00ed\u010diny nezamestnanosti<\/h2>\n<p>Obidva tieto aspekty sa musia rie\u0161i\u0165 vl\u00e1dnou politikou, aby sa odstr\u00e1nili pr\u00ed\u010diny <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ekonomika\/vseobecna-ekonomicka-teoria\/nezamestnanost\/\">nezamestnanosti<\/a>, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa nasledovn\u00e9:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Nedostato\u010dn\u00e1 schopnos\u0165 ekonomick\u00fdch subjektov vytv\u00e1ra\u0165 produkt\u00edvne pracovn\u00e9 miesta \u2013 rie\u0161en\u00edm tohto probl\u00e9mu by bola rekvalifik\u00e1cia<\/li>\n<li>N\u00edzka pru\u017enos\u0165 a\u00a0mobilita pracovnej sily \u2013 je to sp\u00f4soben\u00e9 demotiva\u010dne nastavenou soci\u00e1lnou d\u00e1vkou \u2013 rie\u0161en\u00edm by bolo prehodnoti\u0165 soci\u00e1lny syst\u00e9m adresne, na chudobn\u00fdch jednotlivcov, nie na nepracuj\u00facich.<\/li>\n<li>Deform\u00e1cie a\u00a0rigidita(nepru\u017enos\u0165) \u2013 deform\u00e1ciou trhu pr\u00e1ce mo\u017eno pova\u017eova\u0165 legislat\u00edvu, ktor\u00e1 zabra\u0148uje rozvoju ur\u010dit\u00fdch foriem zamestnania \u2013 pr\u00e1ca na skr\u00e1ten\u00fd \u00fav\u00e4zok, rigiditu sp\u00f4sobuje odvodov\u00e9 za\u0165a\u017eenie<\/li>\n<li>Nedostato\u010dn\u00e1 kvalifik\u00e1cia na trhu pr\u00e1ce \u2013 rie\u0161en\u00edm je zlep\u0161enie podnikate\u013esk\u00e9ho prostredia a\u00a0zv\u00fd\u0161enie kvalifik\u00e1cie zamestnancov<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Determinanty trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/h2>\n<p><strong>Miera ekonomickej aktivity<\/strong> \u2013 vyjadruje podiel ekonomicky akt\u00edvneho obyvate\u013estva na celkovom po\u010dte os\u00f4b, ktor\u00e9 v\u00a0danom obdob\u00ed dosiahli vek minim\u00e1lne 15 rokov<br \/>\n<strong>Miera straty zamestnania<\/strong> \u2013 vyjadruje podiel nezamestnan\u00fdch, ktor\u00ed s\u00fa nahl\u00e1sen\u00ed na \u00farade pr\u00e1ce, na celkovom po\u010dte zamestnan\u00fdch<br \/>\n<strong>Miera nezamestnanosti<\/strong> \u2013 percentu\u00e1lny podiel nezamestnan\u00fdch na celkovom po\u010dte ekonomicky akt\u00edvnych obyvate\u013eov<br \/>\nMiera nezamestnanosti(u) = U\/L*100<br \/>\nU= po\u010det nezamestnan\u00fdch, L= pracovn\u00e1 s\u00edla<br \/>\n<strong>\u0160pecifick\u00e1 miera nezamestnanosti<\/strong> \u2013 percentu\u00e1lny podiel nezamestnan\u00fdch na EAO pod\u013ea pohlavia, n\u00e1rodnosti, vekovej \u0161trukt\u00fary&#8230;<br \/>\n<strong>Prirodzen\u00e1 miera nezamestnanosti UP<\/strong> \u2013 v\u00a0danej ekonomike predstavuje najni\u017e\u0161ie udr\u017eate\u013en\u00fa mieru nezamestnanosti, ktor\u00fa mo\u017eno dosiahnu\u0165 bez rizika, \u017ee bude <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ekonomika\/vseobecna-ekonomicka-teoria\/inflacia\/\">akcelerova\u0165 infl\u00e1cia<\/a>.<br \/>\n<strong>Prirodzen\u00e1 miera nezamestnanosti<\/strong>vyjadruje stav dlhodobej rovnov\u00e1hy na trhu pr\u00e1ce:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>pln\u00e1 zamestnanos\u0165 \u2013 jednotlivci, ktor\u00ed chc\u00fa pri danej mzde pracova\u0165 s\u00fa zamestnan\u00ed (3-12%)<\/li>\n<li>prezamestnanos\u0165 \u2013 ak skuto\u010dn\u00e1 miera nezamestnanosti je ni\u017e\u0161ia ako prirodzen\u00e1\u00a0 (u&lt;up)<\/li>\n<li>podzamestnanos\u0165 \u2013 ak skuto\u010dn\u00e1 miera nezamestnanosti je vy\u0161\u0161ia ako prirodzen\u00e1<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p><strong>Miera dlhodobej nezamestnanosti<\/strong> \u2013 nezamestnan\u00fd nad 12 mesiacov<br \/>\n<strong>Miera ve\u013emi dlhej nezamestnanosti<\/strong> \u2013 nezamestnan\u00fd nad 24 mesiacov<\/p>\n<h2>Politika trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/h2>\n<p>Je integr\u00e1lnou politikou zamestnanosti a\u00a0m\u00e1 dve s\u00fa\u010dasti: <strong>pas\u00edvnu a\u00a0akt\u00edvnu.<\/strong><\/p>\n<h3>Pas\u00edvna politika trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Pas\u00edvna politika trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/strong>\u00a0predstavuje s\u00fahrn programov zameran\u00fdch na udr\u017eanie <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ekonomika\/ekonomika-domacnosti\/prijmy-a-dochodky-domacnosti\/\">pr\u00edjmu nezamestnan\u00fdch<\/a>.<br \/>\n<strong>N\u00e1stroje : <\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>d\u00e1vky v\u00a0nezamestnanosti<\/strong> \u2013 je zalo\u017een\u00e1 na syst\u00e9me soci\u00e1lneho poistenia, jej v\u00fd\u0161ka je 55% z\u00a0vymeriavacieho z\u00e1kladu a\u00a0n\u00e1rok na \u0148u m\u00e1me 6 mesiacov,<\/li>\n<li><strong>d\u00e1vka v\u00a0hmotnej n\u00fadzi \u2013 <\/strong>nie je n\u00e1rokovate\u013en\u00e1<strong>, <\/strong>jej v\u00fd\u0161ka je z\u00e1visl\u00e1 od po\u010dtu \u010dlenov v\u00a0dom\u00e1cnosti,<\/li>\n<li><strong>vypl\u00e1cania pred\u010dasn\u00e9ho starobn\u00e9ho d\u00f4chodku osob\u00e1m predd\u00f4chodkov\u00e9ho veku prep\u00fa\u0161\u0165an\u00fdch z\u00a0d\u00f4vodu nadbyto\u010dnosti.<\/strong><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Akt\u00edvna politika trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Akt\u00edvna politika trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/strong> predstavuje\u00a0s\u00fahrn programov zameran\u00fdch na zlep\u0161enie pr\u00edstupu nezamestnan\u00fdch k\u00a0trhu pr\u00e1ce a\u00a0pracovn\u00fdm miestam a\u00a0na efekt\u00edvne fungovanie trhu pr\u00e1ce<br \/>\n<strong>N\u00e1stroje:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>pr\u00edspevok na aktiva\u010dn\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165 (podpora udr\u017eiavania pracovn\u00fdch n\u00e1vykov uch\u00e1dza\u010da)<\/li>\n<li>pr\u00edspevok na absolventsk\u00fa prax<\/li>\n<li>pr\u00edspevok na doch\u00e1dzku za pr\u00e1cou<\/li>\n<li>pr\u00edspevok na samostatn\u00fa z\u00e1robkov\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165<\/li>\n<li>pr\u00edspevok na zamestn\u00e1vanie znev\u00fdhodnen\u00e9ho uch\u00e1dza\u010da o\u00a0zamestnanie<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Zamestnanos\u0165<\/h2>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/downloads\/statnice\/riadenie-ludskych-zdrojov\/\">\u013dudsk\u00fd potenci\u00e1l<\/a> a\u00a0jeho hodnota.\u00a0Produktivita = PP=Q\/L ( mno\u017estvo pr\u00e1ce\/pracovn\u00e1 sila) alebo Q\/T (mno\u017estvo pr\u00e1ce\/\u010das)<\/p>\n<h3>Dopyt po pr\u00e1ci a\u00a0ponuka pr\u00e1ce<\/h3>\n<p><strong>Dopyt po pr\u00e1ci(firmy a\u00a0podniky)-<\/strong>\u00a0 je vyjadren\u00fd po\u010dtom pracovn\u00fdch miest<br \/>\nKrivka dopytu m\u00e1 klesaj\u00faci charakter, ak sa zv\u00fd\u0161i dopyt po tovare, zv\u00fd\u0161i sa aj dopyt po pracovnej sile a\u00a0naopak. <strong>Dopyt po pr\u00e1ci z\u00e1vis\u00ed od:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>od z\u00e1ujmu rozvoja podnikate\u013eskej sf\u00e9ry<\/li>\n<li>od dopytu po statkoch a\u00a0slu\u017eb\u00e1ch<\/li>\n<li>od \u017eivotnej \u00farovne obyvate\u013estva<\/li>\n<li>od \u00farovne ceny pr\u00e1ce na trhu<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Ponuka pr\u00e1ce<\/strong> &#8211;\u00a0 predstavuje dom\u00e1cnos\u0165 a\u00a0jej ochota pracova\u0165<br \/>\n<strong>Ponuka pr\u00e1ce z\u00e1vis\u00ed od:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Po\u010detnos\u0165 popul\u00e1cie a\u00a0jej vekov\u00e1 \u0161trukt\u00fara<\/li>\n<li>Migr\u00e1cia obyvate\u013estva<\/li>\n<li>Pracovn\u00e9 podmienky<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Krivka ponuky<\/strong> m\u00e1 \u0161pecifick\u00fd tvar, je nasp\u00e4\u0165 ot\u00e1\u010daj\u00faca. S\u00a0rastom mzdy ponuka pr\u00e1ce najprv rastie, ale len do ur\u010dit\u00e9ho bodu. Po prekro\u010den\u00ed tohto bodu C s\u00a0rastom mzdy ponuka kles\u00e1. Z\u00e1vis\u00ed od preferencie dom\u00e1cnost\u00ed, kedy preferuj\u00fa in\u00e9 hodnoty ako pr\u00e1cu napr. vo\u013en\u00fd \u010das, deti&#8230;<\/p>\n<h2>Rovnov\u00e1ha na trhu pr\u00e1ce<\/h2>\n<p>Nast\u00e1va pri rovnov\u00e1\u017enej mzde, kedy ponuka sa rovn\u00e1 dopytu po pr\u00e1ci. Nast\u00e1vaj\u00fa tu dva druhy situ\u00e1ci\u00ed: prebytok a nedostatok.\u00a0Prebytok &#8211;\u00a0 ak je stav ponuky a\u00a0dopytu, \u017ee re\u00e1lna mzda je vy\u0161\u0161ia ako rovnov\u00e1\u017ena ponuka = <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ekonomika\/vseobecna-ekonomicka-teoria\/nezamestnanost\/\">prevl\u00e1da nezamestnanos\u0165<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h2>Mzdov\u00e9 formy<\/h2>\n<p>Pozn\u00e1me z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 a\u00a0doplnkov\u00e9 formy mzdy. Mzda je ceny za pr\u00e1cu, ktor\u00e1 je v\u00fdsledkom fungovania trhu.\u00a0Ka\u017ed\u00e1 mzda pln\u00ed dve funkcie:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>ekonomick\u00e1 <\/strong>\u2013 posil\u0148uje NH,\u00a0 m\u00e1 n\u00e1kladov\u00fa a\u00a0stimula\u010dn\u00e1 funkciu z\u00a0h\u013eadiska podnikov<\/li>\n<li><strong>soci\u00e1lna<\/strong> \u2013 zabezpe\u010denie \u017eivotnej \u00farovne<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 formy mzdy<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/odmenovanie-mzda-a-mzdove-formy\/\">\u010casov\u00e1 mzda<\/a>= vyjadruje odmenu za ur\u010dit\u00fd \u010das, hodinov\u00e1, t\u00fd\u017edenn\u00e1, mesa\u010dn\u00e1&#8230;<\/li>\n<li>\u00dakolov\u00e1 = z\u00e1vis\u00ed od v\u00fdkonu pr\u00e1ce, (individu\u00e1lna, skupinov\u00e1) mzdov\u00e1 tarifa\/ norma \u010dasu * Q<\/li>\n<li>Nomin\u00e1lna mzda = suma, ktor\u00fa mi zamestn\u00e1vate\u013e prizn\u00e1va<\/li>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/dochodky-plynuce-vlastnikom-vyrobnych-cinitelov\/\">Re\u00e1lna mzda<\/a> = suma tovarov, ktor\u00e9 si m\u00f4\u017eem nak\u00fapi\u0165 za nomin\u00e1lnu mzdu<\/li>\n<li>Zmie\u0161an\u00e1 mzda = kombin\u00e1cia predch\u00e1dzaj\u00facich (\u010dasov\u00e1+\u00fakolov\u00e1)<\/li>\n<li>Podielov\u00e1 mzda<\/li>\n<li>Zmluvn\u00e1 mzda = fixn\u00e1 mzda na jeden rok<\/li>\n<li>Natur\u00e1lna mzda<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><strong>Doplnkov\u00e9 formy mzdy:<\/strong><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>Mimoriadne odmeny<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00edplatok za riadenie<\/li>\n<li>Pr\u00e9mie<\/li>\n<li>Osobn\u00e9 pr\u00edplatky<\/li>\n<li>Podiely na VH<\/li>\n<li>N\u00e1hrady mzdy<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Charakteristika trhu pr\u00e1ce Trh pr\u00e1ce predstavuje na jednej strane ponuku pracovn\u00fdch miest a na druhej strane ponuku pracovn\u00fdch s\u00edl. Trh pr\u00e1ce je rozhoduj\u00faci pre porozumenie &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":13,"featured_media":24771,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[77,549],"tags":[221,71,222],"class_list":["post-11942","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-ludia","category-pracujem","tag-nezamestnanost","tag-praca","tag-trh-prace"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Trh pr\u00e1ce<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Charakteristika trhu pr\u00e1ce, toky na trhu pr\u00e1ce, trendy na trhu pr\u00e1ce a determinanty trhu pr\u00e1ce. Akt\u00edvna a pas\u00edvna politika trhu pr\u00e1ce. 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