{"id":7757,"date":"2022-11-24T15:35:01","date_gmt":"2022-11-24T14:35:01","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/?p=7757"},"modified":"2024-05-13T14:58:30","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T12:58:30","slug":"podnik-a-podnikanie","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/podnik-a-podnikanie\/","title":{"rendered":"Podnik a podnikanie, subjekty a pr\u00e1vne formy podnikov"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00fdrobky a slu\u017eby v trhovej ekonomike s\u00fa v\u00fdsledkom podnikate\u013eskej aktivity. M\u00f4\u017eeme poveda\u0165, \u017ee podnikate\u013esk\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165 je z\u00e1kladnom fungovania trhovej ekonomiky. V\u010faka <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ekonomia\/\">podnikate\u013eskej \u010dinnosti<\/a> nast\u00e1va efekt\u00edvne rozde\u013eovanie v\u0161etk\u00fdch zdrojov, preto s\u00fa podniky pre zdrav\u00fa existenciu trhu ve\u013emi potrebn\u00e9 a\u017e nevyhnutn\u00e9.<br \/>\nPojmy podnikanie, podnik, <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ekonomia\/podnik-a-podnikanie\/pravne-formy-podnikov\/\">pr\u00e1vne formy podnikov<\/a> s\u00fa v ekonomickej literat\u00fare ve\u013emi frekventovan\u00e9 a vysvet\u013euj\u00fa sa r\u00f4zne. Ich v\u00fdklad z\u00e1vis\u00ed od toho, ako na tieto pojmy pozer\u00e1me.<br \/>\nNa za\u010diatku ka\u017ed\u00e9ho podnikania b\u00fdva oby\u010dajne dobr\u00fd n\u00e1pad. Ten treba potom prepracova\u0165 do podnikate\u013esk\u00e9ho z\u00e1meru, pri\u010dom sa mus\u00edme zamera\u0165 na technick\u00fa, organiza\u010dn\u00fa a ekonomick\u00fa str\u00e1nku podniku. Podnik form\u00e1lne vznik\u00e1 \u201ez\u00e1pisom do obchodn\u00e9ho registra a splnen\u00edm v\u0161etk\u00fdch po\u017eiadaviek potrebn\u00fdch na z\u00e1pis\u201c.<\/p>\n<h2>Podnik<\/h2>\n<p>Pod pojmom podnik m\u00f4\u017eeme ch\u00e1pa\u0165 s\u00fahrn ekonomick\u00fdch a organiza\u010dn\u00fdch usporiadan\u00ed a procesov, ktor\u00fdch prvorad\u00fdm cie\u013eom je dosahovanie podnikate\u013esk\u00e9ho zisku.<\/p>\n<h3>Charakteristika podniku<\/h3>\n<p>Obchodn\u00fd z\u00e1konn\u00edk charakterizuje podnik nasledovne: \u201e Podnikom sa rozumie s\u00fabor hmotn\u00fdch, ako aj osobn\u00fdch a nehmotn\u00fdch zlo\u017eiek podnikania. K podniku patria veci, pr\u00e1va a in\u00e9 majetkov\u00e9 hodnoty, ktor\u00e9 patria podnikate\u013eovi a sl\u00fa\u017eia na prev\u00e1dzkovanie podniku alebo vzh\u013eadom na svoju povahu maj\u00fa tomuto \u00fa\u010delu sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165\u201c.<br \/>\n<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\"><\/a>\u0160t\u00e1t teda ur\u010duje \u010d\u00edm v\u0161etk\u00fdm m\u00e1 podnik disponova\u0165 ale do \u010dinnosti podniku priamo nezasahuje, stanovuje len v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 pravidl\u00e1, v r\u00e1mci ktor\u00fdch m\u00f4\u017ee podnik realizova\u0165 svoje podnikanie.<br \/>\nPodnikov\u00e1 ekonomika vymedzuje podnik ako \u201e\u2026ekonomicky a pr\u00e1vne samostatn\u00fa podnikate\u013esk\u00fa jednotku, ktorej z\u00e1kladn\u00fdmi znakmi s\u00fa pr\u00e1vna subjektivita a ekonomick\u00e1 samostatnos\u0165\u201c.<\/p>\n<h3>Ekonomick\u00e1 samostatnos\u0165<\/h3>\n<p>Ekonomick\u00e1 samostatnos\u0165 podniku umo\u017e\u0148uje podnikom rozhodova\u0165 ak\u00fa formu podnikania si sami zvolia, kde bude ich s\u00eddlo, \u010do bud\u00fa distribuova\u0165, pr\u00edpadne s k\u00fdm bud\u00fa spolupracova\u0165. \u0160t\u00e1t do t\u00fdchto rozhodnut\u00ed zasahuje nepriamo t.j. uz\u00e1konen\u00edm pr\u00e1v a povinnost\u00ed vo forme z\u00e1konov, ktor\u00e9 podniky zav\u00e4zuj\u00fa k ich dodr\u017eiavaniu.<\/p>\n<h3>Pr\u00e1vna subjektivita<\/h3>\n<p>Pr\u00e1vna subjektivita podniku znamen\u00e1, \u017ee podniky maj\u00fa pr\u00e1vo uzatv\u00e1ra\u0165 zmluvy vo vlastnom mene podnikov s in\u00fdmi subjektmi na trhu a nes\u00fa pln\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 za z\u00e1v\u00e4zky, ktor\u00e9 im vyplyn\u00fa z uzatvoren\u00fdch zml\u00fav.<\/p>\n<h2>Znaky podniku<\/h2>\n<p>Znaky podniku mo\u017eno rozdeli\u0165 na v\u0161eobecn\u00e9 znaky, ktor\u00e9 sa vyskytuj\u00fa v ka\u017edom type podniku a znaky \u0161pecifick\u00e9, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa z\u00e1visl\u00e9 od spolo\u010densko-politick\u00e9ho syst\u00e9mu.<\/p>\n<h3>V\u0161eobecn\u00e9 znaky podniku<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/podnikavost-a-vztahy-v-podniku-podnikove-vyrobne-faktory\/\">Kombin\u00e1cia v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch faktorov<\/a> je znak podnikov, pod\u013ea ktor\u00e9ho v podnikoch doch\u00e1dza k \u00fa\u010deln\u00e9mu vyu\u017eitiu v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch faktorov.<\/li>\n<li>Hospod\u00e1rnos\u0165 vyjadruje snahu podniku kona\u0165 \u010do najracion\u00e1lnej\u0161ie, t.j. minimalizova\u0165 n\u00e1klady a maximalizova\u0165 zisky.<\/li>\n<li>Finan\u010dn\u00e1 rovnov\u00e1ha sa prejavuje v schopnosti podniku plni\u0165 svoje platobn\u00e9 povinnosti.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>\u0160pecifick\u00e9 znaky podniku<\/h3>\n<ul>\n<li>Princ\u00edp s\u00fakromn\u00e9ho vlastn\u00edctva vyjadruje typ vlastn\u00edctva, ktor\u00e9ho d\u00f4sledkom je, \u017ee majite\u013e podniku m\u00e1 pr\u00e1vo podie\u013ea\u0165 sa priamo alebo nepriamo na riaden\u00ed podniku.<\/li>\n<li>Princ\u00edp auton\u00f3mie hovor\u00ed o slobode a nez\u00e1vislosti podnikate\u013eskej \u010dinnosti, ktor\u00e1 sa riadi trhov\u00fdmi znakmi bez priamych z\u00e1sahov \u0161t\u00e1tu.<\/li>\n<li>Princ\u00edp ziskovosti je hlavn\u00fdm mot\u00edvom podnikania a z\u00e1rove\u0148 nevyhnut\u00fdm predpokladom podnikania.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Podnikanie<\/h2>\n<p>\u201ePodnikan\u00edm sa rozumie s\u00fastavn\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165 vykon\u00e1van\u00e1 samostatne podnikate\u013eom vo vlastnom mene a na vlastn\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 za \u00fa\u010delom dosiahnutia zisku\u201c &#8211; defin\u00edcia pod\u013ea obchodn\u00e9ho z\u00e1konn\u00edka.<br \/>\nPodobne definuje podnikanie aj Ve\u013ek\u00e1 ekonomick\u00e1 encyklop\u00e9dia: \u201e Podnikanie je samostatn\u00e9 rozhodovanie o z\u00e1mere podnikania, o pr\u00e1vnej forme podnikania, o umiestnen\u00ed podniku, o jeho organiz\u00e1cii a miere pou\u017eitia cudzieho kapit\u00e1lu a o rozdelen\u00ed hospod\u00e1rskeho v\u00fdsledku\u201c.<br \/>\nS\u00fastavn\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165 m\u00f4\u017eeme ch\u00e1pa\u0165 ako \u010dinnos\u0165 nepretr\u017eit\u00fa alebo pravidelne ka\u017edoro\u010dne sa opakuj\u00facu dobu. Za podnikanie nepova\u017eujeme jednorazov\u00fa alebo pr\u00edle\u017eitostn\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165. Podnikate\u013e realizuje podnikanie samostatne, t.j. s\u00e1m a z vlastnej v\u00f4le vykon\u00e1va rozhodnutia potrebn\u00e9 pre plynul\u00fd chod podniku. Uzatv\u00e1ra zmluvy pod vlastn\u00fdm menom <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ciele-v-organizacii\/\">s cie\u013eom dosiahnutia zisku<\/a> a s\u00e1m dohliada na plnenie svojich z\u00e1v\u00e4zkov.<br \/>\nJe si plne vedom\u00fd sankci\u00ed a pok\u00fat v pr\u00edpadne nedodr\u017eania zmluvn\u00fdch podmienok s obchodn\u00fdmi partnermi a klientami. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 sa zav\u00e4zuje, \u017ee bude v s\u00falade s platnou legislat\u00edvou dosahova\u0165 zisk a v pr\u00edpade z\u00e1porn\u00e9ho v\u00fdsledku hospod\u00e1renia bude vykon\u00e1va\u0165 v\u0161etko pre to, aby stratu v \u010do najkrat\u0161om obdob\u00ed uhradil.<\/p>\n<h2>Subjekty podnikania<\/h2>\n<p>Podnikate\u013e pod\u013ea Podnikovej ekonomiky \u201e \u2026m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 jednotlivec alebo kolekt\u00edv. Z toho vypl\u00fdva, \u017ee z\u00e1kladn\u00fdmi subjektmi podnikania s\u00fa jednotlivci a podnikate\u013esk\u00e9 jednotky\u201c.<br \/>\nJednotlivec &#8211; Fyzick\u00e9 alebo pr\u00e1vnick\u00e9 osoby, ktor\u00e9 vlastnia ekonomicky a pr\u00e1vne samostatn\u00fd podnikate\u013esk\u00fd subjekt a samostatne, nez\u00e1visle rozhoduj\u00fa o svojej podnikate\u013eskej \u010dinnosti. Ide napr. o podnik \u017eivnostn\u00edka alebo spolo\u010dnos\u0165 s ru\u010den\u00edm obmedzen\u00fdm, ktor\u00e1 je vo vlastn\u00edctve jedinej osoby.<br \/>\nPodnikate\u013esk\u00e9 jednotky &#8211; S\u00fa vo vlastn\u00edctve skupiny fyzick\u00fdch alebo pr\u00e1vnick\u00fdch os\u00f4b a spolo\u010dne rozhoduj\u00fa o podnikan\u00ed. Podnikate\u013esk\u00fdmi jednotkami s\u00fa napr. obchodn\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti s viacer\u00fdmi spolo\u010dn\u00edkmi, dru\u017estv\u00e1, banky a podobne.<\/p>\n<h2>Pr\u00e1vne formy podnikov<\/h2>\n<p>Ka\u017ed\u00fd s\u00fakromn\u00fd podnik mus\u00ed ma\u0165 pr\u00e1vny z\u00e1klad, z ktor\u00e9ho vypl\u00fdvaj\u00fa jeho pr\u00e1vne vz\u0165ahy s okol\u00edm ako aj jeho vn\u00fatorn\u00e1 organiz\u00e1cia.<\/p>\n<h3>Podnik jednotlivca<\/h3>\n<p>Tento typ podniku je charakteristick\u00fd t\u00fdm, \u017ee zodpovedn\u00e1 osoba za chod cel\u00e9ho podniku je vlastn\u00edk \u2013 jednotlivec, ktor\u00fd s\u00e1m nesie pln\u00fa zodpovednos\u0165 za z\u00e1v\u00e4zky svojej firmy. V pr\u00edpade nedodr\u017eania zmluvn\u00fdch podmienok ru\u010d\u00ed za svoje z\u00e1v\u00e4zky cel\u00fdm svoj\u00edm majetkom. Ke\u010f\u017ee podnikate\u013e nem\u00e1 nad sebou nadriaden\u00e9ho, so ziskom z podnikania m\u00f4\u017ee naklada\u0165 pod\u013ea svojho uv\u00e1\u017eenia.<\/p>\n<h3>Obchodn\u00e9 spolo\u010dnosti<\/h3>\n<p>Tieto formy podnikov charakterizuje obchodn\u00fd z\u00e1konn\u00edk nasledovne: \u201e Obchodn\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165 je pr\u00e1vnickou osobou zalo\u017eenou za \u00fa\u010delom podnikania. Spolo\u010dnos\u0165ami s\u00fa verejn\u00e1 obchodn\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165, komanditn\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165, spolo\u010dnos\u0165 s ru\u010den\u00edm obmedzen\u00fdm a akciov\u00e1 spolo\u010dnos\u0165\u201c.<\/p>\n<h3><span style=\"line-height: 1.5;\">Dru\u017estvo<\/span><\/h3>\n<p>Dru\u017estvo je pod\u013ea obchodn\u00e9ho z\u00e1konn\u00edka \u201espolo\u010denstvom neuzavret\u00e9ho po\u010dtu os\u00f4b zalo\u017een\u00fdm za \u00fa\u010delom podnikania alebo zabezpe\u010dovania hospod\u00e1rskych, soci\u00e1lnych alebo in\u00fdch potrieb svojich \u010dlenov\u201c<br \/>\nDru\u017estvo je \u0161pecifick\u00fd druh firmy, ktor\u00fd na rozdiel od ostatn\u00fdch podnikov, nie je zalo\u017een\u00fd za \u00fa\u010delom dosiahnutia zisku, ale za \u00fa\u010delom podpory svojich \u010dlenov.<\/p>\n<h2>Te\u00f3rie firmy<\/h2>\n<p>Te\u00f3ria firmy vysvet\u013euje procesy formovania ponuky. Ponuka sa zaober\u00e1 ot\u00e1zkou, ko\u013eko tovarov a slu\u017eieb s\u00fa firmy ochotn\u00e9 a schopn\u00e9 pred\u00e1va\u0165 pri ur\u010ditej cene. Aby firmy mohli urobi\u0165 tak\u00e9to rozhodnutie, musia vedie\u0165, ak\u00e9 s\u00fa produk\u010dn\u00e9 mo\u017enosti technol\u00f3gie, ktor\u00fa k v\u00fdrobe pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa, ak\u00e9 bud\u00fa realiza\u010dn\u00e9 ceny ich produkcie, n\u00e1klady na v\u00fdrobu a predaj dan\u00e9ho mno\u017estva tovaru alebo slu\u017eby a podobne. Z\u00e1kladom te\u00f3rie n\u00e1kladov, a t\u00fdm aj te\u00f3rie ponuky, je produk\u010dn\u00e1 te\u00f3ria.<\/p>\n<h3>Neoklasick\u00e1 te\u00f3ria firmy<\/h3>\n<p><a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ekonomika\/vseobecna-ekonomicka-teoria\/neoklasicka-ekonomia\/\">Neoklasick\u00e1 te\u00f3ria firmy<\/a> analyzuje spr\u00e1vanie firmy, ktor\u00e1 sa na trhu stret\u00e1va s danou v\u00fd\u0161kou a \u0161trukt\u00farou dopytu. Funkciu ponuky a dopytu pova\u017euje z navz\u00e1jom nez\u00e1visl\u00e9. To je charakteristika pod\u013ea Dej\u00edn ekonomick\u00fdch te\u00f3ri\u00ed.<\/p>\n<h3>Firma v podmienkach dokonalej konkurencie<\/h3>\n<p>Firma vyr\u00e1ba dovtedy, pok\u00fdm jej pr\u00edjem z poslednej jednotky produkcie prevy\u0161uje n\u00e1klady na v\u00fdrobu tejto jednotky. Hranica, ke\u010f sa firme u\u017e nevypl\u00e1ca \u010falej roz\u0161irova\u0165 v\u00fdrobu je v bode, kde sa hrani\u010dn\u00fd d\u00f4chodok rovn\u00e1 hrani\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1kladom.<\/p>\n<h3>Firma v podmienkach nedokonalej konkurencie<\/h3>\n<p>Predpoklad\u00e1 sa, \u017ee s rastom v\u00fdroby hrani\u010dn\u00fd d\u00f4chodok firmy kles\u00e1 r\u00fdchlej\u0161ie, ako klesaj\u00fa hrani\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady. V\u00fdchodiskom spr\u00e1vania <a title=\"Te\u00f3rie trhu v podmienkach nedokonalej konkurencie\" href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ekonomika\/ekonomicke-teorie\/teorie-trhu-v-podmienkach-nedoklasickej-konkurencie\/\">firmy v podmienkach nedokonalej konkurencie<\/a> je priznanie, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e1 firmy m\u00e1 svoj trh, na ktorom sa m\u00f4\u017ee regulovan\u00edm rozsahu v\u00fdroby ovplyv\u0148ova\u0165 v\u00fd\u0161ku ceny, vyr\u00e1ba\u0165 diferencovan\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky. Pri zv\u00fd\u0161en\u00ed ceny svojho v\u00fdrobku potom firma strat\u00ed iba \u010das\u0165 z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov.<br \/>\n<a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/teoria-hranicnej-produktivity\/\">Hrani\u010dn\u00fd d\u00f4chodok<\/a> kles\u00e1 prud\u0161ie ako cena. Rovnov\u00e1ha s\u00edce nast\u00e1va v bode E, kde sa hrani\u010dn\u00fd d\u00f4chodok rovn\u00e1 hrani\u010dn\u00fdm n\u00e1kladom, cena je v\u0161ak vy\u0161\u0161ia ako hrani\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady. Priemern\u00e9 n\u00e1klady zodpovedaj\u00face rozsahu v\u00fdroby v tomto bode e\u0161te nedosiahli maximum, firma m\u00e1 teda men\u0161iu ako optim\u00e1lnu ve\u013ekos\u0165, v\u00fdrobn\u00e1 kapacita nie je \u00faplne vyu\u017eit\u00e1.<\/p>\n<h3>Mana\u017e\u00e9rske te\u00f3rie firmy<\/h3>\n<p>V t\u00fdchto te\u00f3ri\u00e1ch nast\u00e1va proces vz\u00e1jomn\u00e9ho ovplyv\u0148ovania abstraktnej te\u00f3rie. Vych\u00e1dza sa z predpokladu, \u017ee pre v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inu odvetv\u00ed je typick\u00fd oligopol, teda mal\u00fd po\u010det ve\u013ek\u00fdch firiem, ktor\u00fdch rozhodovanie o rozsahu v\u00fdroby, cen\u00e1ch, sortimente a kvalite v\u00fdrobkov je politikou, a nielen prisp\u00f4sobovan\u00edm sa vonkaj\u0161\u00edm podmienkam.<\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1ver<\/h2>\n<p>Uveden\u00e9 defin\u00edcie a charakteristiky n\u00e1m nazna\u010duj\u00fa, \u017ee podnikanie je aktivita, ktorej cie\u013eom je tak vyh\u013ead\u00e1va\u0165 podnikate\u013esk\u00e9 pr\u00edle\u017eitosti, ako aj ich vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165, dosahova\u0165 zisk a sl\u00fa\u017ei\u0165 \u00fa\u010delu, na ktor\u00fd boli jednotliv\u00e9 firmy zakladan\u00e9. V pr\u00edpade \u017ee tieto subjekty nesp\u013a\u0148aj\u00fa \u00fa\u010del, s\u00fa n\u00faten\u00e9 po ur\u010ditom \u010dase trh opusti\u0165. M\u00f4\u017eu skon\u010di\u0165 \u00faplne, svoj majetok rozpreda\u0165 in\u00fdm subjektom a uhradi\u0165 finan\u010dn\u00e9 nezrovnalosti, ktor\u00e9 vznikli po\u010das existencie firmy. Za predpokladu, \u017ee podniky maj\u00fa svojho \u010fal\u0161ieho pr\u00e1vneho n\u00e1stupcu, prenechaj\u00fa chod podniku svojmu n\u00e1sledn\u00edkovi. Zru\u0161enie podniku m\u00f4\u017ee prebehn\u00fa\u0165 bez likvid\u00e1cie alebo s likvid\u00e1ciou. Form\u00e1lne podnik zanik\u00e1 vymazan\u00edm z obchodn\u00e9ho registra alebo z\u00e1nikom \u017eivnostensk\u00e9ho opr\u00e1vnenia.<br \/>\nM\u00f4\u017eeme teda poveda\u0165, \u017ee podnikate\u013esk\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165 je jedn\u00fdm z k\u013e\u00fa\u010dov\u00fdch prvkov <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/ekonomika\/trhova-ekonomika\/\">v trhovej ekonomike<\/a>. Je zameran\u00e1 na vytv\u00e1ranie ekonomickej rovnov\u00e1hy, resp. dosiahnutie rovnov\u00e1\u017eneho stavu v ekonomike.<br \/>\nHlavn\u00fd pr\u00ednos anal\u00fdzy spr\u00e1vania firiem spo\u010d\u00edva v tom, \u017ee cena nie je iba v\u00fdsledkom p\u00f4sobenia neosobn\u00fdch trhov\u00fdch s\u00edl, ale firm\u00e1m sa prizn\u00e1va akt\u00edvna \u00faloha a sloboda konania. Neoklasick\u00e1 te\u00f3ria si v\u0161\u00edma spr\u00e1vanie v\u00fdrobcu a formovanie ponuky tovaru. Mana\u017e\u00e9rske te\u00f3rie nahr\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z\u00e1sadu maxim\u00e1lneho zisku modelom, ktor\u00fd vych\u00e1dza z maximaliz\u00e1cie firmy.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u00fdrobky a slu\u017eby v trhovej ekonomike s\u00fa v\u00fdsledkom podnikate\u013eskej aktivity. M\u00f4\u017eeme poveda\u0165, \u017ee podnikate\u013esk\u00e1 \u010dinnos\u0165 je z\u00e1kladnom fungovania trhovej ekonomiky. V\u010faka podnikate\u013eskej \u010dinnosti nast\u00e1va efekt\u00edvne &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":24927,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[551,52],"tags":[133,134],"class_list":["post-7757","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-podnikam","category-podnikanie","tag-podnik","tag-podnikanie"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Podnik a podnikanie<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Charakteristika podniku. Podnik a jeho znaky, podnikanie a subjekty podnikania. Pr\u00e1vne formy podnikov. 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