{"id":8530,"date":"2022-12-16T18:02:55","date_gmt":"2022-12-16T17:02:55","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/?p=8530"},"modified":"2024-05-13T14:58:09","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T12:58:09","slug":"vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/","title":{"rendered":"V\u00fdvoj zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku"},"content":{"rendered":"<h2>\u00davod<\/h2>\n<p>Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie &#8211; na jednej strane uzn\u00e1van\u00fd prvok v boji proti zni\u017eovaniu nezamestnanosti, na strane druhej v\u0161ak odbytisko obrovsk\u00e9ho mno\u017estva financi\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 tam putuj\u00fa v z\u00e1ujme blaha \u0161t\u00e1tu, ale ako je \u010dasto kr\u00e1t prezentovan\u00e9 verejnosti, hlavne v z\u00e1ujme n\u00e1s, ob\u010danov.<br \/>\nObrovsk\u00e9 finan\u010dn\u00e9 korpor\u00e1cie s\u00edce v danej krajne preinvestuj\u00fa miliardy, av\u0161ak aj t\u00e1to krajina je n\u00faten\u00e1 preinvestova\u0165 \u010fal\u0161ie, pod\u013ea zmluvnej dohody s danou firmou, ktor\u00e1 zah\u0155\u0148aj\u00fa hlavne v\u00fdkup pozemkov, v\u00fdstavbu pr\u00edstupov\u00fdch ciest &#8211; vybudovanie infra\u0161trukt\u00fary, \u0161t\u00e1tne dot\u00e1cie a pod. A tieto n\u00e1klady s\u00fa \u010dasto kr\u00e1t enormn\u00e9.<br \/>\nCie\u013eom mojej semin\u00e1rnej pr\u00e1ce je poskytn\u00fa\u0165 obraz o v\u00fdvoji zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed nielen na Slovensku, ale aj v krajin\u00e1ch V4. Do pr\u00e1ce som okrem defin\u00edci\u00ed a charakterist\u00edk r\u00f4znych ekon\u00f3mov a odborn\u00fdch posudkov zahrnula aj progn\u00f3zy spolo\u010dnost\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 sa vypracovan\u00edm podobn\u00fdch \u0161tatist\u00edk zaoberaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<h2>1 Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie<\/h2>\n<p>Invest\u00edcie s\u00fa vo v\u0161eobecnej ekonomickej te\u00f3rii pova\u017eovan\u00e9 za \u201e\u2026ekonomick\u00fa \u010dinnos\u0165, pri ktorej sa subjekt vzd\u00e1va s\u00fa\u010dasnej spotreby s v\u00fdh\u013eadom na zv\u00fd\u0161enie produktu v bud\u00facnosti.\u201c<a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a><br \/>\n\u201eZahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie s\u00fa jednou z foriem realiz\u00e1cie dlhodob\u00e9ho medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9ho pohybu kapit\u00e1lu.\u201c<a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a> Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie mo\u017eno rozdeli\u0165 na tri z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 druhy:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Portf\u00f3liov\u00e9 invest\u00edcie \u2013 s\u00fa pas\u00edvne invest\u00edcie, na z\u00e1klade ktor\u00fdch v\u00fdvozca neovl\u00e1da ani neriadi firmu v zahrani\u010d\u00ed, ide iba o majetkov\u00fa \u00fa\u010das\u0165. Zo zahrani\u010dia mu teda plyn\u00fa v\u00fdnosy z kapit\u00e1lu (\u00faroky, dividendy, podiel na zisku,&#8230;).<\/li>\n<li>Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie (PZI) &#8211; n\u00e1kup podielu spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00fd umo\u017e\u0148uje pln\u00fa kontrolu spolo\u010dnosti. Investor sa teda podie\u013ea nielen na zisku firmy, ale i na jej vlastn\u00edctve v takom rozsahu, \u017ee ju m\u00f4\u017ee ovl\u00e1da\u0165, kontrolova\u0165 \u010di riadi\u0165. Ako protiv\u00e1hu investorsk\u00e1 firma poskytuje zahrani\u010dnej krajine svoje finan\u010dn\u00e9, mana\u017e\u00e9rske, technick\u00e9 a in\u00e9 zdroje.<\/li>\n<li>Poskytnutie p\u00f4\u017ei\u010diek a \u00faverov &#8211; predstavuje dlhov\u00e9 krytie dom\u00e1cich invest\u00edci\u00ed, \u010do je \u010dasto n\u00e1kladnou formou investovania. Tak\u00e1to forma je v\u00fdhodn\u00e1 v pr\u00edpade vysokej n\u00e1vratnosti z invest\u00edcie, na ktor\u00fa sa \u00faver vz\u0165ahuje.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>1.1 Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie<\/h3>\n<p>Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie mo\u017eno definova\u0165 viacer\u00fdmi sp\u00f4sobmi:<br \/>\nOSN definuje invest\u00edcie: \u201e&#8230;s\u00fa to invest\u00edcie, ktor\u00fdch z\u00e1kladom je dlhotrvaj\u00faci vz\u0165ah a trval\u00fd z\u00e1ujem subjektu so s\u00eddlom v jednej krajine o subjekt so s\u00eddlom v inej krajine.\u201c<br \/>\nPod\u013ea Linderta \u201epriama zahrani\u010dn\u00e1 invest\u00edcia je tok podnikate\u013esk\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu vo forme zmesi mana\u017e\u00e9rskych schopnost\u00ed a finan\u010dn\u00fdch p\u00f4\u017ei\u010diek.\u201c<br \/>\nU.S. Department of Commerce: \u201e&#8230;za priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie mo\u017eno ozna\u010di\u0165 v\u0161etky formy zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch spolo\u010dnost\u00ed, v ktor\u00fdch vlastn\u00ed americk\u00fd ob\u010dan, firma alebo skupina podiel 10 % a viac.\u201c<br \/>\nN\u00e1rodn\u00e1 banka Slovenska (NBS) vych\u00e1dza z defin\u00edcie, ktor\u00e1 je stanoven\u00e1 OECD v s\u00falade s Eurostatom a MMF: \u201epriamou zahrani\u010dnou invest\u00edciou je tak\u00e9 vynalo\u017eenie pe\u0148a\u017en\u00fdch prostriedkov alebo in\u00fdch peniazmi ocenite\u013en\u00fdch majetkov\u00fdch hodn\u00f4t, alebo in\u00fdch majetkov\u00fdch pr\u00e1v, ktor\u00e9ho \u00fa\u010delom je zalo\u017eenie, z\u00edskanie alebo roz\u0161\u00edrenie trval\u00fdch ekonomick\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov investuj\u00faceho alebo tuzemcov ako os\u00f4b konaj\u00facich v zhode na podnikan\u00ed v zahrani\u010d\u00ed alebo investuj\u00faceho cudzozemca alebo cudzozemcov ako os\u00f4b konaj\u00facich v zhode na podnikan\u00ed v tuzemsku, a to niektorou z t\u00fdchto foriem:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>vznik alebo z\u00edskanie 100% podielu na podnikan\u00ed<\/li>\n<li>\u00fa\u010das\u0165 na podnikan\u00ed , ak investor vlastn\u00ed alebo z\u00edska najmenej 10% podiel na z\u00e1kladnom iman\u00ed obchodnej spolo\u010dnosti alebo najmenej 10% podiel na \u010distom obchodnom iman\u00ed obchodnej spolo\u010dnosti, alebo najmenej 10% hlasovac\u00edch pr\u00e1v<\/li>\n<li>prijatie alebo poskytnutie finan\u010dn\u00e9ho \u00faveru investorom na podnikanie, ak m\u00e1 investor na tomto podnikan\u00ed \u00fa\u010das\u0165 pod\u013ea bodu 1 alebo bodu 2 alebo ak je finan\u010dn\u00fd \u00faver spojen\u00fd s vplyvom na riaden\u00ed spolo\u010dnosti, ktor\u00fd je porovnate\u013en\u00fd s vplyvom s vplyvom na podiele pod\u013ea bodu 1 alebo bodu 2<\/li>\n<li>pou\u017eitie v\u00fdnosu z existuj\u00facej priamej invest\u00edcie do tejto invest\u00edcie\u201c<a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h3>1.2 Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie a ich teoretick\u00e9 od\u00f4vodnenie<\/h3>\n<p>Teoretick\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy v tejto oblasti sa odli\u0161uj\u00fa pod\u013ea toho, \u010di ide o poh\u013ead odborn\u00edka na medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e9 financie, makroekon\u00f3ma \u010di mana\u017e\u00e9ra. K z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm teoretick\u00fdm pr\u00edstupom k priamym zahrani\u010dn\u00fdm invest\u00edci\u00e1m patria:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>Te\u00f3ria trhovej nedokonalosti<\/li>\n<li>te\u00f3ria monopolistickej v\u00fdhody<\/li>\n<li>te\u00f3ria z\u00e1vislosti oligopolistick\u00fdch firiem<\/li>\n<li>Te\u00f3ria \u017eivotn\u00e9ho cyklu v\u00fdrobku<\/li>\n<li>Te\u00f3ria internacionaliz\u00e1cie<\/li>\n<li>Eklektick\u00e1 te\u00f3ria<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>2 V\u00fdvoj priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Z \u010dasov\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska p\u00f4sobenie priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na ekonomiku prech\u00e1dza r\u00f4znymi v\u00fdvojov\u00fdmi f\u00e1zami. Najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161ou hypot\u00e9zou v tejto oblasti je pr\u00e1ca J.H. Dunninga. Svoju te\u00f3riu vyvinul za\u010diatkom osemdesiatych rokov a rozdelil ju do piatich f\u00e1z.<br \/>\nV prvej f\u00e1ze dan\u00e1 krajina v cudzine neinvestuje. Pr\u00e1ve kv\u00f4li svojej n\u00edzkej rozvojovej \u00farovni, nedok\u00e1\u017ee v \u0161pecifickej s\u00fa\u0165a\u017ei vyu\u017ei\u0165 svoje prednosti prostredn\u00edctvom priamych invest\u00edci\u00ed. A\u017e v pr\u00edpade vyu\u017eitia exportu nastane akt\u00edvna medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ca. Z\u00e1rove\u0148 zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 podniky za\u010dn\u00fa investova\u0165 v tuzemsku, ale najprv iba v malom rozsahu kv\u00f4li obmedzen\u00fdm \u0161pecifick\u00fdm podmienkam ako s\u00fa mal\u00fd trh, nedostato\u010dn\u00e1 kvalifik\u00e1cia pracovn\u00fdch s\u00edl, nedostato\u010dn\u00e1 infra\u0161trukt\u00fara at\u010f.<br \/>\nV druhej f\u00e1ze rozvoja priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie v danej krajine nadob\u00fadaj\u00fa na d\u00f4le\u017eitosti. Zrete\u013ene za\u010dne p\u00f4sobi\u0165 dosiahnut\u00fd objem v\u00fdroby, ktor\u00fd z\u00e1sobuje miestny trh. Pracovn\u00e9 sily sa zoznamuj\u00fa s vysokou \u00farov\u0148ou produktivity pr\u00e1ce a v\u00fdrobn\u00fdm procesom. Av\u0161ak \u00farove\u0148 miezd je v tejto f\u00e1ze n\u00edzka. Priame invest\u00edcie e\u0161te nie s\u00fa previazan\u00e9 s ostatn\u00fdm hospod\u00e1rstvom krajiny. Na z\u00e1klade nedokonalost\u00ed lok\u00e1lneho trhu inform\u00e1ci\u00ed, tovarov a kapit\u00e1lu s\u00fa vysok\u00e9 transak\u010dn\u00e9 n\u00e1klady, preto sa investori sna\u017eia trhy integrova\u0165 a v r\u00e1mci nich vykon\u00e1va\u0165 podnikov\u00e9 transakcie. Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie sa vyskytuj\u00fa iba zriedka.<br \/>\nV tretej f\u00e1ze u\u017e bude krajina vykazova\u0165 vy\u0161\u0161\u00ed podiel priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed. Dom\u00e1ce podniky z\u00edskavaj\u00fa sk\u00fasenosti z rozvinut\u00e9ho trhu, zo stykov so zahrani\u010dn\u00fdmi firmami. V d\u00f4sledku rast\u00facej \u00farovne miezd krajina za\u010d\u00edna str\u00e1ca\u0165 v\u00fdhodu lacnej pracovnej sily. Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie u\u017e prich\u00e1dzaj\u00fa na z\u00e1klade in\u00fdch v\u00fdhod, ako s\u00fa vysok\u00fd dopyt, dom\u00e1ci technologick\u00fd rozvoj, modern\u00e1 infra\u0161trukt\u00fara a pod. Rozvoj v\u00fdvozn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed je v\u0161ak ni\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e rozvoj dovozn\u00fdch, aj ke\u010f sa u\u017e postupne zbli\u017euj\u00fa. Vo \u0161tvrtej f\u00e1ze sa krajina st\u00e1va v\u00fdznamn\u00fdm priamym investorom v cudzine.<br \/>\nV poslednej f\u00e1ze sa rozv\u00edja vn\u00fatroodvetvov\u00fd medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fd obchod, ktor\u00fd sa opiera o vn\u00fatroodvetvov\u00fa de\u013ebu pr\u00e1ce. Dunning ju ozna\u010duje ako intraindustri\u00e1lnu produkciu. Rozhodnutia o mieste zalo\u017eenia novej pobo\u010dky u\u017e nie s\u00fa orientovan\u00e9 na krajinn\u00e9 \u0161pecifik\u00e1, ale v\u00e4\u010d\u0161mi sa prihliada na efekt z rozvoja medzin\u00e1rodnej de\u013eby pr\u00e1ce. Dovozn\u00e9 priame invest\u00edcie za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa r\u00e1s\u0165, ale z in\u00fdch d\u00f4vodov ako v prv\u00fdch f\u00e1zach, napr. v d\u00f4sledku spestrenia sortimentu.<\/p>\n<h2>3 Determinanty pr\u00edlevu zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Rozhodovanie o umiestnen\u00ed v\u00fdroby v medzin\u00e1rodnom prostred\u00ed z\u00e1vis\u00ed na mnoh\u00fdch faktoroch. Je zrejm\u00e9, \u017ee identifik\u00e1cia, porozumenie a ur\u010denie determinuj\u00facich faktorov pr\u00edlevu PZI je ve\u013emi komplexn\u00fd probl\u00e9m, ktor\u00fd z\u00e1le\u017e\u00ed na charakteristick\u00fdch podmienkach danej krajiny, sektore a spolo\u010dnosti.<br \/>\nPod\u013ea Bal\u00e1\u017ea \u201edeterminanty investi\u010dn\u00e9ho rozhodovania m\u00f4\u017eeme rozdeli\u0165 na dve z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 skupiny<a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>intern\u00e9 &#8211; vych\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z vn\u00fatorn\u00fdch podmienok a zdrojov firmy\n<ul>\n<li>mana\u017ement<\/li>\n<li>nov\u00fd zamestnanec<\/li>\n<li>v\u00fdznamn\u00e1 udalos\u0165<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<li>extern\u00e9 &#8211; komplex \u010dinite\u013eov, ktor\u00e9 vych\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z ekonomick\u00e9ho, kult\u00farneho a pr\u00e1vneho prostredia hostite\u013eskej krajiny\n<ul>\n<li>determinanty v materskej krajine<\/li>\n<li>determinanty v hostite\u013eskej krajine<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Z vecn\u00e9ho h\u013eadiska existuj\u00fa tri typy determinantov:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>politick\u00e9 (n\u00e1kladov\u00e9 faktory)<\/li>\n<li>ekonomick\u00e9 (dopytov\u00e9 faktory)<\/li>\n<li>podnikate\u013esk\u00e9ho prostredia a podpory zahrani\u010dn\u00e9ho investora (investi\u010dn\u00e9 prostredie)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>4 Efekty priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed<\/h2>\n<p>Vl\u00e1dy r\u00f4znych kraj\u00edn \u010doraz \u010dastej\u0161ie pova\u017euj\u00fa PZI za prostriedok na zvy\u0161ovanie konkurencieschopnosti vlastn\u00fdch zdrojov. PZI pritom maj\u00fa vplyv na ekonomick\u00e9, politick\u00e9 i soci\u00e1lne javy nielen v hostite\u013eskej, ale aj materskej krajine. Odborn\u00e1 ekonomick\u00e1 literat\u00fara rozli\u0161uje medzi:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li>priamymi pozit\u00edvnymi efekty<\/li>\n<li>nepriamymi &#8211; externality<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>P\u00f4sobenie priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pozit\u00edvne, negat\u00edvne, okam\u017eit\u00e9 alebo s neskor\u0161\u00edm \u00fa\u010dinkom. \u201eMedzi z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 efekty patria:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>vplyv na n\u00e1rodn\u00fd d\u00f4chodok<\/li>\n<li>vplyv na obchodn\u00fa a platobn\u00fa bilanciu<\/li>\n<li>vplyv na zamestnanos\u0165<\/li>\n<li>p\u00f4sobenie na hospod\u00e1rsku \u0161trukt\u00faru<\/li>\n<li>presun technol\u00f3gie a know-how<\/li>\n<li>soci\u00e1lne a politick\u00e9 aspekty<\/li>\n<li>p\u00f4sobenie na n\u00e1rodn\u00fa suverenitu\u201c<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>5 Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie a krajiny strednej Eur\u00f3py<\/h2>\n<p>Pr\u00edlev priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed zohral v\u00fdznamn\u00fa \u00falohu pri procese transform\u00e1cie postkomunistick\u00fdch kraj\u00edn strednej Eur\u00f3py. Od za\u010diatku procesu sa postupne pr\u00edlev invest\u00edcii zvy\u0161oval. K jeho v\u00fdrazn\u00e9mu poklesu do\u0161lo len v roku 2003, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 d\u00f4sledkom zni\u017euj\u00facej sa celosvetovej investi\u010dnej aktivity.<br \/>\nPr\u00e1ve Ma\u010farsko bolo na po\u010diatku transform\u00e1cie najatrakt\u00edvnej\u0161ou krajinou. Ved\u013eaj\u0161ia \u00faloha Slovenska a \u010ceskej republiky postupne klesala a z\u00e1ujem zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch investorov narastal. Slovensko spolu s \u010ceskom maj\u00fa trikr\u00e1t menej obyvate\u013eov ako Ma\u010farsko spolu s Po\u013eskom. Napriek tomu v roku 2002 pril\u00e1kali trikr\u00e1t viac invest\u00edci\u00ed.<br \/>\nPo poklese pr\u00edlevu PZI v roku 2003, kedy objem invest\u00edci\u00ed nedosiahol ani polovicu \u00farovne z roku 2002, nasledoval v roku 2004 op\u00e4tovn\u00fd rast, kedy bola op\u00e4\u0165 dosiahnut\u00e1 \u00farove\u0148 z roku 2002 a tento trend pokra\u010doval aj v nasleduj\u00facom roku. V roku 2006 \u0165a\u017eili krajiny Vy\u0161egr\u00e1dskej \u0161tvorky preva\u017ene z priazne automobiliek a zlep\u0161ili si svoje poz\u00edcie v priemysle.<br \/>\nLiberaliz\u00e1cia trhov a privatiz\u00e1cia strategick\u00fdch podnikov a cel\u00fdch odvetv\u00ed dok\u00e1zali do \u010ceska a Slovenska pril\u00e1ka\u0165 vysok\u00fd pr\u00edlev priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed. Spolo\u010dne tieto krajiny pril\u00e1kali 87,7 mld. USD zahrani\u010dn\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1lu. Z grafu vid\u00edme, \u017ee pr\u00edlev priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed bol v ka\u017edej krajine in\u00fd, na \u010do malo vplyv mnoho faktorov.<\/p>\n<h3>5.1 P\u00f4vod priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed pod\u013ea krajiny investora<\/h3>\n<p>V\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed poch\u00e1dza z vyspel\u00fdch kraj\u00edn, pri\u010dom hlavn\u00fdm zdrojom je Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania. Traja najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00ed investori v SR s\u00fa Nemecko, Holandsko a Rak\u00fasko. Tieto tri krajiny sa spolo\u010dne podie\u013eaj\u00fa viac ako polovicou na stave priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku.<\/p>\n<h3>5.2 Odvetvov\u00e9 smerovanie priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed<\/h3>\n<p>Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie boli smerovan\u00e9 do r\u00f4znych sektorov, \u010do z\u00e1viselo aj na ich stupni otvorenosti zahrani\u010dn\u00e9mu kapit\u00e1lu. Najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edm sektorom v SR je priemysel, do ktor\u00e9ho putovalo zhruba 40% priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed. Druh\u00fdm najd\u00f4le\u017eitej\u0161\u00edm sektorom na Slovensku je bankovn\u00edctvo a pois\u0165ovn\u00edctvo, kam smeroval pribli\u017ene ka\u017ed\u00fd piaty investovan\u00fd dol\u00e1r.<\/p>\n<h3>5.3 Pr\u00edlev priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed pod\u013ea krajov<\/h3>\n<p>Od sam\u00e9ho za\u010diatku je vstup priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed pozna\u010den\u00fd region\u00e1lnou nerovnos\u0165ou. Na Slovensku \u010dlenenie na osem krajov vyprac\u00fava NBS a\u017e od roku 1998 na z\u00e1klade nov\u00e9ho \u00fazemnospr\u00e1vneho \u010dlenenia.<\/p>\n<h2>6 Aktu\u00e1lne v\u00fdsledky spolupr\u00e1ce kraj\u00edn V4 a pl\u00e1ny do bud\u00facnosti<\/h2>\n<p>\u201eJasn\u00e1 v\u00f4\u013ea, vedenie predsedn\u00edctva a obetav\u00e1 pr\u00e1ca expertov z vojenskej oblasti priniesli zna\u010dn\u00e9 \u00faspechy, ktor\u00e9 vy\u00fastili do hlb\u0161ej spolupr\u00e1ce medzi \u0161tyrmi krajinami.\u201c<br \/>\nV bud\u00facnosti by mala spolupr\u00e1ca V4 pokra\u010dova\u0165 v r\u00f4znych vojensk\u00fdch oblastiach, ktor\u00e9 bud\u00fa zah\u0155\u0148a\u0165 v\u00fdcvik, v\u00fdmenu sk\u00fasenost\u00ed, zdie\u013eanie inform\u00e1ci\u00ed a transform\u00e1ciu obrany. Predsedn\u00edctvo E\u00da by malo by\u0165 vyu\u017eit\u00e9 na vz\u00e1jomn\u00fa podporu v medzin\u00e1rodn\u00fdch jednotk\u00e1ch v r\u00e1mci NATO a E\u00da. Hlavn\u00e9 oblasti spolupr\u00e1ce v misi\u00e1ch s\u00fa rozvoj schopnost\u00ed, medzin\u00e1rodn\u00e1 logistick\u00e1 spolupr\u00e1ca, ponau\u010denia, v\u00fdcvik a zriadenie V4 EU Battlegroup (EU BG).<br \/>\n<strong>\u201eSchopn\u00e1 V4 E\u00da BG po roku 2015 by bola pravdepodobne najv\u00fdznamnej\u0161\u00edm krokom smerom k vojenskej spolupr\u00e1ci V4\u201c<\/strong><\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1ver<\/h2>\n<p>Uveden\u00e9 defin\u00edcie, charakteristiky, progn\u00f3zy, \u0161tatistiky a \u0161trukt\u00fary n\u00e1m poukazuj\u00fa na to, \u017ee efekt priamych zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na ekonomiku krajiny je pozit\u00edvny. \u010casto sa v\u0161ak n\u00e1zory ekon\u00f3mov rozch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa pri posudzovan\u00ed miery efektivity t\u00fdchto invest\u00edci\u00ed.<br \/>\nV po\u010diato\u010dnom \u0161t\u00e1diu f\u00e1zy pri\u0165ahovania PZI je vl\u00e1da motivovan\u00e1 podpori\u0165 ak\u00fako\u013evek zahrani\u010dn\u00fa invest\u00edciu. D\u00f4le\u017eit\u00fdm je umenie rozozna\u0165, kedy by toto nad\u0161enie malo vystrieda\u0165 rozumn\u00e9 ekonomick\u00e9 uva\u017eovanie.<br \/>\nPod\u013ea Dunningovej te\u00f3rie, v ktorej invest\u00edcie v priebehu \u010dasu postupne prech\u00e1dzaj\u00fa \u0161tyrmi f\u00e1zami v\u00fdvoja, by sa v s\u00fa\u010dasnosti Slovensko dalo zaradi\u0165 do druhej f\u00e1zy, ke\u010f invest\u00edcie za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00fa nabera\u0165 v danej krajine ve\u013ek\u00fd v\u00fdznam. T\u00e1to f\u00e1za je charakteristick\u00e1 t\u00fdm, \u017ee obyvate\u013estvo krajiny sa e\u0161te len zoznamuje s vysokou produktivitou pr\u00e1ce a krajina \u0165a\u017e\u00ed z komparat\u00edvnej v\u00fdhody lacnej pracovnej sily.<\/p>\n<h2>Vlastn\u00fd n\u00e1zor<\/h2>\n<p>M\u00f4j n\u00e1zor na dan\u00fa problematiku spo\u010d\u00edva v uvedomen\u00ed si a rozoznan\u00ed nad\u0161enia s rozumn\u00fdm ekonomick\u00fdm uva\u017eovan\u00edm. Mnoho priemyslov, ako aj r\u00f4zne odvetvia, podliehaj\u00fa sez\u00f3nnym vplyvom a v\u00fdkyvom, \u010do m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 pre tak mal\u00fa ekonomiku akou je t\u00e1 na\u0161a osudn\u00fdm. Preto by si mala vl\u00e1da a zodpovedn\u00e9 in\u0161tit\u00facie SR uvedomi\u0165, \u017ee nastal \u010das posudzova\u0165 priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie nielen pod\u013ea kvantity, ale aj pod\u013ea kvality.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>\u00davod Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie &#8211; na jednej strane uzn\u00e1van\u00fd prvok v boji proti zni\u017eovaniu nezamestnanosti, na strane druhej v\u0161ak odbytisko obrovsk\u00e9ho mno\u017estva financi\u00ed, ktor\u00e9 tam putuj\u00fa &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":16,"featured_media":25234,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[150,551],"tags":[70,149],"class_list":["post-8530","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-investovanie","category-podnikam","tag-europska-unia","tag-investicie"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.6 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>V\u00fdvoj zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie a krajiny strednej Eur\u00f3py. Determinanty pr\u00edlevu zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed. Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie na Slovensku.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"V\u00fdvoj zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie a krajiny strednej Eur\u00f3py. Determinanty pr\u00edlevu zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed. Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie na Slovensku.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/vrtulniky\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-12-16T17:02:55+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-13T12:58:09+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/terminovany-vklad.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Marcelka18\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Autor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Marcelka18\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 min\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Marcelka18\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/493ace42f02aac57b98bb1d961d5c6f0\"},\"headline\":\"V\u00fdvoj zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-12-16T17:02:55+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-13T12:58:09+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":2427,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/terminovany-vklad.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania\",\"invest\u00edcie\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Investovanie\",\"Podnik\u00e1m\"],\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/\",\"name\":\"V\u00fdvoj zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/terminovany-vklad.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-12-16T17:02:55+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-13T12:58:09+00:00\",\"description\":\"Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie a krajiny strednej Eur\u00f3py. Determinanty pr\u00edlevu zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed. Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie na Slovensku.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/terminovany-vklad.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/terminovany-vklad.jpg\",\"width\":800,\"height\":800},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"V\u00fdvoj zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/\",\"name\":\"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem\",\"description\":\"Vrtu\u013en\u00edky.sk\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/news-vrtulniky-sk-logo-e1660318023553.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/news-vrtulniky-sk-logo-e1660318023553.png\",\"width\":201,\"height\":200,\"caption\":\"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/vrtulniky\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/493ace42f02aac57b98bb1d961d5c6f0\",\"name\":\"Marcelka18\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/author\\\/marcelka18\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"V\u00fdvoj zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku","description":"Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie a krajiny strednej Eur\u00f3py. Determinanty pr\u00edlevu zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed. Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie na Slovensku.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/","og_locale":"sk_SK","og_type":"article","og_title":"V\u00fdvoj zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku","og_description":"Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie a krajiny strednej Eur\u00f3py. Determinanty pr\u00edlevu zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed. Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie na Slovensku.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/","og_site_name":"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/vrtulniky\/","article_published_time":"2022-12-16T17:02:55+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-05-13T12:58:09+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":800,"url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/terminovany-vklad.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Marcelka18","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Autor":"Marcelka18","Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania":"8 min\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/"},"author":{"name":"Marcelka18","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/493ace42f02aac57b98bb1d961d5c6f0"},"headline":"V\u00fdvoj zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku","datePublished":"2022-12-16T17:02:55+00:00","dateModified":"2024-05-13T12:58:09+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/"},"wordCount":2427,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/terminovany-vklad.jpg","keywords":["Eur\u00f3pska \u00fania","invest\u00edcie"],"articleSection":["Investovanie","Podnik\u00e1m"],"inLanguage":"sk-SK","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/","name":"V\u00fdvoj zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/terminovany-vklad.jpg","datePublished":"2022-12-16T17:02:55+00:00","dateModified":"2024-05-13T12:58:09+00:00","description":"Priame zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie a krajiny strednej Eur\u00f3py. Determinanty pr\u00edlevu zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed. Zahrani\u010dn\u00e9 invest\u00edcie na Slovensku.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"sk-SK","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sk-SK","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/terminovany-vklad.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/terminovany-vklad.jpg","width":800,"height":800},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/vyvoj-zahranicnych-investicii-na-slovensku\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"V\u00fdvoj zahrani\u010dn\u00fdch invest\u00edci\u00ed na Slovensku"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/","name":"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem","description":"Vrtu\u013en\u00edky.sk","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"sk-SK"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#organization","name":"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sk-SK","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/news-vrtulniky-sk-logo-e1660318023553.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/news-vrtulniky-sk-logo-e1660318023553.png","width":201,"height":200,"caption":"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/vrtulniky\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/493ace42f02aac57b98bb1d961d5c6f0","name":"Marcelka18","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/author\/marcelka18\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8530","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/16"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8530"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8530\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/25234"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8530"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8530"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8530"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}