{"id":8587,"date":"2022-12-20T07:12:00","date_gmt":"2022-12-20T06:12:00","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/?p=8587"},"modified":"2024-05-13T14:58:08","modified_gmt":"2024-05-13T12:58:08","slug":"logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/","title":{"rendered":"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d"},"content":{"rendered":"<p>Logistikou rozumieme syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 pl\u00e1novanie, synchroniz\u00e1ciu, riadenie, realiz\u00e1ciu a kontrolu vonkaj\u0161ieho a vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lov\u00e9ho toku a s n\u00edm spojen\u00e9ho informa\u010dn\u00e9ho toku z miesta vzniku do miesta spotreby cie\u013eom, ktor\u00e9ho je uspokojova\u0165 po\u017eiadavky z\u00e1kazn\u00edkov. Je zameran\u00e1 na uspokojovanie potrieb z\u00e1kazn\u00edka ako na kone\u010dn\u00fd efekt a tento sa sna\u017e\u00ed dosiahnu\u0165 s \u010do najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ou pru\u017enos\u0165ou, presnos\u0165ou a hospod\u00e1rnos\u0165ou.<br \/>\nMet\u00f3dy aplikovate\u013en\u00e9 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/obchod\/logistika\/\">v logistike<\/a> sa v pon\u00edman\u00ed jednotliv\u00fdch autoroch l\u00ed\u0161ia v sp\u00f4sobe klasifik\u00e1cie, v podstate ide v\u0161ak o zhodn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, ktor\u00e9 sa v logistike vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa.<\/p>\n<h2>Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy<\/h2>\n<p>Pri optim\u00e1lnom napl\u0148ovan\u00ed svojich riadiacich funkci\u00ed logistika vyu\u017e\u00edva mno\u017estvo met\u00f3d, z ktor\u00fdch v\u00e4\u010d\u0161ina bola u\u017e sk\u00f4r uplat\u0148ovan\u00e1 v oblasti v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch a dopravn\u00fdch technol\u00f3gi\u00ed, manipula\u010dnej techniky, skladov\u00e9ho hospod\u00e1rstva, automatiza\u010dnej techniky a informatiky. Nepristupuje k nim v\u0161ak oddelene, ako v jednotliv\u00fdch oblastiach, ale sna\u017e\u00ed sa ich vyu\u017e\u00edva\u0165 komplexne s prihliadnut\u00edm na v\u0161etky vz\u00e1jomn\u00e9 s\u00favislosti.<br \/>\nMedzi z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v logistike je mo\u017en\u00e9 zaradi\u0165 v jednotliv\u00fdch oblastiach nasleduj\u00face met\u00f3dy:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><strong>anal\u00fdza procesov<\/strong> \u2013 matematick\u00e1 \u0161tatistika, stochastika, zhlukov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, te\u00f3ria ch\u00fdb<\/li>\n<li><strong>modelovanie procesov<\/strong> \u2013 te\u00f3ria grafov, hromadnej obsluhy, spo\u013eahlivosti, simula\u010dn\u00e1 technika<\/li>\n<li><strong>optimaliz\u00e1cia procesov<\/strong> \u2013 opera\u010dn\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, te\u00f3ria rozhodovania, te\u00f3ria hier<\/li>\n<li><strong>riadenie procesov<\/strong> \u2013 te\u00f3ria organiz\u00e1cie a regul\u00e1cie<\/li>\n<li><strong>vyhodnocovanie procesov<\/strong>\u00a0\u2013 <a href=\"https:\/\/www.euroekonom.sk\/marketing-nakupu-a-jeho-etapy\/\">hodnotov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza<\/a>, rozpo\u010dtovanie n\u00e1kladov, anal\u00fdza \u00fa\u017eitku a n\u00e1kladov<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h2>Met\u00f3dy vhodn\u00e9 pre logistiku<\/h2>\n<p>Logistiku je mo\u017en\u00e9 za\u010dleni\u0165 bu\u010f do technick\u00fdch alebo do ekonomick\u00fdch vied. Logistika m\u00e1 dobr\u00e9 integra\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti. Na to, aby sme do\u0161li ku konkr\u00e9tnej aplik\u00e1cii logistiky na r\u00f4znych \u00farovniach pou\u017e\u00edvame r\u00f4zne met\u00f3dy k zachyt\u00e1vaniu z\u00e1sob, v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch, odbytov\u00fdch procesov k ich anal\u00fdze a optimaliz\u00e1cii. Met\u00f3dy pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v logistike s\u00fa za\u010dlenen\u00e9 do 10. skup\u00edn <a href=\"#_ftn1\" name=\"_ftnref1\">[1]<\/a>:<\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong> skupina<\/strong>: Met\u00f3dy sl\u00fa\u017eiace na anal\u00fdzu logistick\u00fdch procesov v podniku alebo na anal\u00fdzu tokov materi\u00e1lov a tovaru (syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, anal\u00fdza ABC,D, hodnotov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, anal\u00fdza n\u00e1kladov);<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"2\">\n<li><strong> skupina<\/strong>: Met\u00f3dy pre rozbor vyu\u017eitia HIM a pracovn\u00edkov (napr. : \u010dasov\u00e9 a priestorov\u00e9 sn\u00edmkovanie, kapacitn\u00e9 v\u00fdpo\u010dty, rozmiest\u0148ovacie \u00falohy, prira\u010fovacie algoritmy), met\u00f3dy na usmer\u0148ovanie materi\u00e1lov\u00fdch tokov (usmer\u0148ovanie pod\u013ea objedn\u00e1vok, usmer\u0148ovanie pod\u013ea spotreby \u2013 Gozinto graf); met\u00f3dy riadenia pracovn\u00fdch procesov (JUST \u2013 IN \u2013 TIME, Kanban \u2013 met\u00f3da riadenia dieln\u00ed); dopravn\u00e9 technol\u00f3gie (t\u00fdkaj\u00face sa premiest\u0148ovania, stohov\u00e9 prekl\u00e1dky, LICHTEROV SYST\u00c9M)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"3\">\n<li><strong> skupina: <\/strong>Met\u00f3dy opera\u010dnej anal\u00fdzy sl\u00fa\u017eiace na objasnenie s\u00favislost\u00ed v r\u00e1mci syst\u00e9mu podniku a harmoniz\u00e1cie vz\u0165ahov (napr. : line\u00e1rne programovanie, te\u00f3ria hromadnej obsluhy, te\u00f3ria z\u00e1sob), optimaliza\u010dn\u00e9 a simula\u010dn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy a postupy \u2013 Cie\u013eom optimaliza\u010dn\u00fdch modelov je ur\u010di\u0165 optim\u00e1lne hodnoty rozhodovac\u00edch premenn\u00fdch pri maximaliz\u00e1cii alebo min. \u00fa\u010delovej funkcie<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<p>Cie\u013eom simula\u010dn\u00fdch modelov je odhadn\u00fa\u0165 v\u00fdstupy pri zadan\u00fdch vstupoch, \u010do by malo pom\u00f4c\u0165 pri rozhodovan\u00ed o v\u00fdbere varianty<\/p>\n<ol start=\"4\">\n<li><strong> skupina<\/strong>: Met\u00f3dy sl\u00fa\u017eiace na roz\u010dlenenie celkov\u00fdch procesov a postupov na \u010diastkov\u00e9 (sie\u0165ov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, te\u00f3ria grafov)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"5\">\n<li><strong> skupina<\/strong>: \u0160tatistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy spracovania a vyhodnocovania inform\u00e1ci\u00ed a prognostick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"6\">\n<li><strong> skupina<\/strong>: Simula\u010dn\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy sl\u00fa\u017eiace na zos\u00faladenie zvolen\u00fdch pr\u00edstupov, princ\u00edpov a met\u00f3d (software podporuj\u00face tvorbu simula\u010dn\u00fdch modelov).<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"7\">\n<li><strong> skupina<\/strong>: Ekonomick\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy (napr. : anal\u00fdza zisku,finan\u010dn\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, portf\u00f3liov\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy, s\u00fastavy ukazovate\u013eov)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"8\">\n<li><strong> skupina<\/strong>: Systematizovan\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy k riadeniu (napr. : MRKT, MN\u017dT, ekonomick\u00e1 kybernetika) a met\u00f3dy rozhodovania (viackriteri\u00e1lne rozhodovanie alebo rozhodovanie za neur\u010ditosti a rizika)<\/li>\n<li><strong> skupina<\/strong>: Psychologick\u00e9 a sociologick\u00e9 pr\u00edstupy, ktor\u00e9 sk\u00famaj\u00fa \u00falohu \u010dloveka v logistike resp. v log. syst\u00e9moch (komunika\u010dn\u00e9 techniky, met\u00f3dy anal\u00fdzy \u013eudsk\u00fdch faktorov.)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<ol start=\"10\">\n<li><strong> skupina<\/strong>: Po\u010d\u00edta\u010dom podporovan\u00e9 met\u00f3dy (CAD, CAM, CAP, CAQ, PPS, MIS, CAL, \u2026)<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Met\u00f3dy pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 na rie\u0161enie \u00faloh v logistike<\/h2>\n<p>Na rie\u0161enie \u00faloh, ktor\u00e9 vznikaj\u00fa v r\u00e1mci jednotliv\u00fdch blokov \u0161trukt\u00fary \u010dinnost\u00ed v\u00fdrobnej logistiky sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa r\u00f4zne met\u00f3dy. Tieto mo\u017eno rozdeli\u0165 r\u00f4znym sp\u00f4sobom. V \u010fal\u0161om budeme met\u00f3dy rozde\u013eova\u0165 na tri skupiny nasledovne: <a href=\"#_ftn2\" name=\"_ftnref2\">[2]<\/a><\/p>\n<ol>\n<li><strong>Met\u00f3dy opera\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu<\/strong> s\u00fa jedn\u00fdm z hlavn\u00fdch zdrojov r\u00f4znych matematick\u00fdch modelov, ktor\u00fdmi je mo\u017en\u00e9 ve\u013emi dobre reprezentova\u0165 mnoh\u00e9 logistick\u00e9 \u00falohy a algoritmy na rie\u0161enie t\u00fdchto \u00faloh.<\/li>\n<li><strong>Met\u00f3dy umelej inteligencie<\/strong> sl\u00fa\u017eia najm\u00e4 na rie\u0161enie r\u00f4znych optimaliza\u010dn\u00fdch \u00faloh, u ktor\u00fdch nie s\u00fa zn\u00e1me polynomi\u00e1lne algoritmy a teda ich rie\u0161enie si vy\u017eaduje \u010das, ktor\u00fd rastie exponenci\u00e1lne s ve\u013ekos\u0165ou vstupu danej \u00falohy. Pritom met\u00f3dy, ktor\u00e9 poch\u00e1dzaj\u00fa z oblasti umelej inteligencie, s\u00fa ve\u013emi r\u00f4znorod\u00e9, napr. met\u00f3dy na rie\u0161enie \u00faloh s ohrani\u010deniami, genetick\u00e9 algoritmy a \u010fal\u0161ie.<\/li>\n<li>Na rie\u0161enie mnoh\u00fdch logistick\u00fdch \u00faloh boli postupne vytvoren\u00e9 rozli\u010dn\u00e9 <strong>heuristiky<\/strong>, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa v\u00fdsledkom \u013eudskej \u0161ikovnosti, schopnosti prem\u00fd\u0161\u013ea\u0165 a navrhova\u0165 \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e9 postupy na rie\u0161enie zlo\u017eit\u00fdch \u00faloh.<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n<h2>Naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 met\u00f3dy<\/h2>\n<p>Medzi naj\u010dastej\u0161ie pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 met\u00f3dy u n\u00e1s patr\u00ed<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u0161achovnicov\u00e1 tabu\u013eka dopravn\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov<\/li>\n<li>sankeyov diagram \u2013 grafick\u00e9 vyjadrenie materi\u00e1lov\u00e9ho toku<\/li>\n<li>obehov\u00fd diagram<\/li>\n<li>postupov\u00e9 met\u00f3dy<\/li>\n<li>met\u00f3da alternat\u00edvnych dotazov<\/li>\n<li>met\u00f3da s\u00faradn\u00edc<\/li>\n<li>met\u00f3da CRAFT<\/li>\n<li>met\u00f3da trojuholn\u00edkov\u00e1<\/li>\n<li>trojuholn\u00edkov\u00e1 tabu\u013eka dopravn\u00fdch vz\u0165ahov<\/li>\n<li>met\u00f3da \u0165a\u017eiska<\/li>\n<li>met\u00f3da v\u00e1\u017een\u00fdch priemerov<\/li>\n<li>met\u00f3da kruhov\u00e1<\/li>\n<li>met\u00f3da klasifika\u010dn\u00e1 a bodovacia<\/li>\n<li>rozhodovacie tabu\u013eky<\/li>\n<li>\u010dasov\u00e9 \u0161t\u00fadie<\/li>\n<li>met\u00f3dy line\u00e1rneho programovania<\/li>\n<li>te\u00f3ria front<\/li>\n<li>te\u00f3ria grafov<\/li>\n<li>te\u00f3rie hromadnej obsluhy<\/li>\n<li>simul\u00e1cia<\/li>\n<li>hodnotov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza<\/h3>\n<p>Anal\u00fdza syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 je met\u00f3da v\u0161eobecnej te\u00f3rie syst\u00e9mov na exaktn\u00e9 a empiricko intuit\u00edvne sk\u00famanie z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch vlastnost\u00ed a cie\u013eov jednoduch\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov i zlo\u017eit\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov v r\u00f4znych oblastiach \u013eudskej \u010dinnosti. Cie\u013eom syst\u00e9movej anal\u00fdzy je zlep\u0161i\u0165 existuj\u00faci syst\u00e9m alebo vytvori\u0165 a zavies\u0165 nov\u00fd syst\u00e9m.<br \/>\nSyst\u00e9mov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza sa zaklad\u00e1 na komplexnom \u2013 syst\u00e9movom pr\u00edstupe k rie\u0161eniu probl\u00e9mov, \u010do je v pr\u00edpade rozsiahlych a zlo\u017eit\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov vhodn\u00e1 z\u00e1ruka na n\u00e1jdenie rie\u0161enia, ktor\u00e9 sa bude pribli\u017eova\u0165 optim\u00e1lnemu. Syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza u\u017e preuk\u00e1zala svoju \u00fa\u010dinnos\u0165 a efekt\u00edvnos\u0165 pri rie\u0161en\u00ed zlo\u017eit\u00fdch probl\u00e9mov z rozli\u010dn\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed, ako je program v\u00fdskumu vesm\u00edru, tvorba modern\u00fdch, vysokov\u00fdkonn\u00fdch v\u00fdpo\u010dtov\u00fdch syst\u00e9mov, ako aj ich \u00fa\u010dinn\u00e1 aplik\u00e1cia v hospod\u00e1rskej praxi <a href=\"#_ftn3\" name=\"_ftnref3\">[3]<\/a>.<\/p>\n<h3>Anal\u00fdza ABCD<\/h3>\n<p>ABC anal\u00fdza je zalo\u017een\u00e1 na princ\u00edpe, \u017ee len nieko\u013eko faktorov podstatne ovplyv\u0148uje celkov\u00fd probl\u00e9m. Z\u00e1kladn\u00fdm princ\u00edpom ABC anal\u00fdzy je skuto\u010dnos\u0165, ktor\u00e1 vypl\u00fdva z tzv. Paretovho pravidla. Toto pravidlo hovor\u00ed, \u017ee \u201e80% v\u0161etk\u00fdch d\u00f4sledkov sp\u00f4sobuje len asi 20% pr\u00ed\u010din&#8220;. Samostatn\u00fdm probl\u00e9mom rozboru v\u00fdrobn\u00e9ho programu je definovanie reprezentantov v\u00fdrobkov\u00fdch skup\u00edn. Reprezentanti sa vyu\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa vo viacer\u00fdch \u010fal\u0161\u00edch f\u00e1zach projektu (napr. hrub\u00e9 kapacitn\u00e9 prepo\u010dty pre reprezentantov, rozbor materi\u00e1lov\u00fdch tokov, simul\u00e1cia v\u00fdroby pre reprezentantov) <a href=\"#_ftn4\" name=\"_ftnref4\">[4]<\/a><br \/>\nAk podrob\u00edme v\u00fdrobn\u00fd program podniku takejto anal\u00fdze, je mo\u017en\u00e9 oby\u010dajne rozdeli\u0165 v\u00fdrobky do troch z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch skup\u00edn:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>A &#8211; <strong>v\u00fdznamn\u00e9 v\u00fdrobky<\/strong> s oh\u013eadom na obrat podniku (10 % v\u00fdrobkov, 75 % obratu). Patria sem polo\u017eky s najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edm podielom na obrate. Im je venovan\u00e1 najv\u00e4\u010d\u0161ia pozornos\u0165. Pri ich n\u00e1kupe je potrebn\u00fd detailn\u00fd prieskum dodac\u00edch podmienok (kvalita, cena, dodacia lehota) pre ka\u017ed\u00fa polo\u017eku zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165. Ve\u013ekos\u0165 potrieb je ur\u010dovan\u00e1 analyticky na z\u00e1klade v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch pl\u00e1nov, kusovn\u00edkov a noriem spotreby materi\u00e1lu. Objedn\u00e1vanie je realizovan\u00e9 v krat\u0161\u00edch \u010dasov\u00fdch intervaloch. Aj nepatrn\u00e9 zn\u00ed\u017eenie stavu z\u00e1sob m\u00e1 v\u00fdrazn\u00fd dopad na zn\u00ed\u017eenie n\u00e1kladov na skladovanie.<\/li>\n<li>B &#8211; <strong>menej &#8222;v\u00fdznamn\u00e9&#8220; v\u00fdrobky <\/strong>(20 % v\u00fdrobkov, 15 % obratu). Patria sem polo\u017eky so strednou v\u00fd\u0161kou obratu. Pozornos\u0165 venovan\u00e1 t\u00fdmto materi\u00e1lom je obvykle orientovan\u00e1 na jednotliv\u00e9 materi\u00e1lov\u00e9 skupiny (nie na jednotliv\u00e9 druhy materi\u00e1lov). Ve\u013ekos\u0165 potrieb m\u00f4\u017ee by\u0165 ur\u010dovan\u00e1 aj analyticky, ale v\u00e4\u010d\u0161inou posta\u010duje \u0161tatistick\u00fd odhad (forecasting). Pri riaden\u00ed z\u00e1sob s\u00fa objedn\u00e1van\u00e9 vo v\u00e4\u010d\u0161\u00edch objedn\u00e1vac\u00edch cykloch, preto\u017ee zv\u00fd\u0161enie priemernej \u00farovne z\u00e1sob u tejto skupiny polo\u017eiek nem\u00e1 a\u017e tak\u00fd v\u00fdrazn\u00fd vplyv na v\u00fd\u0161ku skladovac\u00edch n\u00e1kladov ako u polo\u017eiek skupiny A.<\/li>\n<li>C &#8211; <strong>&#8222;nev\u00fdznamn\u00e9&#8220; v\u00fdrobky <\/strong>(70% v\u00fdrobkov, 10 % obratu). Do tejto skupiny patria n\u00edzkoobr\u00e1tkov\u00e9 polo\u017eky. Tieto s\u00fa obstar\u00e1van\u00e9 v\u017edy a\u017e na z\u00e1klade priamych po\u017eiadaviek.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<h3>Anal\u00fdza n\u00e1kladov<\/h3>\n<p>Met\u00f3da anal\u00fdza n\u00e1kladov a pr\u00ednosov (Cost &#8211; Benefit Analysis), zvy\u010dajne sa pou\u017e\u00edva skratka CBA, sl\u00fa\u017ei na hodnotenie projektov predov\u0161etk\u00fdm z verejnej sf\u00e9ry a obsahuje postup rie\u0161enia probl\u00e9mov, ktor\u00e9 s\u00fa s t\u00fdmito projektmi spojen\u00e9 . Met\u00f3da porovn\u00e1va benefity (Benefits), ktor\u00e9 vyjadruj\u00fa ak\u00e9ko\u013evek pozit\u00edvne efekty s n\u00e1kladmi alebo ujmy (Costs), ktor\u00e9 postihuj\u00fa negat\u00edvne efekty invest\u00edcie.<\/p>\n<h3>Sie\u0165ov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza<\/h3>\n<p>Sie\u0165ov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza tvor\u00ed relat\u00edvne samostatn\u00fa oblas\u0165 aplik\u00e1cie z\u00e1kladn\u00fdch poznatkov te\u00f3rie grafov do oblasti technicko-ekonomickej \u2013 pl\u00e1novania zlo\u017eit\u00fdch akci\u00ed ( projektov ), ktor\u00fdch realiz\u00e1cia vy\u017eaduje splnenie cel\u00e9ho radu na seba nadv\u00e4zuj\u00facich \u010diastkov\u00fdch \u010dinnost\u00ed. Tieto \u010dinnosti vzh\u013eadom na svoj charakter m\u00f4\u017eu ma\u0165 r\u00f4zny vz\u00e1jomn\u00fd vz\u0165ah &#8211; nez\u00e1vislos\u0165, \u010dasov\u00e1 n\u00e1slednos\u0165, vz\u00e1jomn\u00e1 podmienenos\u0165 apod. Z h\u013eadiska zatriedenia by mali met\u00f3dy sie\u0165ovej anal\u00fdzy patri\u0165 sk\u00f4r medzi met\u00f3dy heuristick\u00e9, preto\u017ee ich rozhoduj\u00facu etapu &#8211; zostavenie sie\u0165ov\u00e9ho grafu sa doteraz nepodarilo \u00faspe\u0161ne algoritmizova\u0165.<a href=\"#_ftn5\" name=\"_ftnref5\">[5]<\/a><\/p>\n<h2>Z\u00e1ver<\/h2>\n<p>Medzi z\u00e1kladn\u00e9 met\u00f3dy pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v logistike zara\u010fujeme anal\u00fdzu procesov, modelovanie procesov, optimaliz\u00e1ciu procesov, riadenie procesov a vyhodnocovanie procesov. Logistiku je mo\u017en\u00e9 za\u010dleni\u0165 bu\u010f do technick\u00fdch alebo do ekonomick\u00fdch vied. Logistika m\u00e1 dobr\u00e9 integra\u010dn\u00e9 vlastnosti. Na to, aby sme do\u0161li ku konkr\u00e9tnej aplik\u00e1cii logistiky na r\u00f4znych \u00farovniach pou\u017e\u00edvame r\u00f4zne met\u00f3dy k zachyt\u00e1vaniu z\u00e1sob, v\u00fdrobn\u00fdch, odbytov\u00fdch procesov k ich anal\u00fdze a optimaliz\u00e1cii. Met\u00f3dy pou\u017e\u00edvan\u00e9 v logistike s\u00fa za\u010dlenen\u00e9 do 10 skup\u00edn. Na rie\u0161enie \u00faloh, ktor\u00e9 vznikaj\u00fa v r\u00e1mci jednotliv\u00fdch blokov \u0161trukt\u00fary \u010dinnost\u00ed v\u00fdrobnej logistiky sa pou\u017e\u00edvaj\u00fa met\u00f3dy opera\u010dn\u00e9ho v\u00fdskumu, met\u00f3dy umelej inteligencie a heuristick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy.<a href=\"#_ftnref1\" name=\"_ftn1\"><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Logistikou rozumieme syst\u00e9mov\u00e9 pl\u00e1novanie, synchroniz\u00e1ciu, riadenie, realiz\u00e1ciu a kontrolu vonkaj\u0161ieho a vn\u00fatorn\u00e9ho materi\u00e1lov\u00e9ho toku a s n\u00edm spojen\u00e9ho informa\u010dn\u00e9ho toku z miesta vzniku do miesta &hellip; <\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":15,"featured_media":24941,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"closed","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19,549],"tags":[152,153],"class_list":["post-8587","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-obchod","category-pracujem","tag-logistika","tag-metody"],"yoast_head":"<!-- This site is optimized with the Yoast SEO plugin v27.5 - https:\/\/yoast.com\/product\/yoast-seo-wordpress\/ -->\n<title>Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d<\/title>\n<meta name=\"description\" content=\"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, Anal\u00fdza ABCD, syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d, anal\u00fdza n\u00e1kladov, sie\u0165ov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza.\" \/>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"sk_SK\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:description\" content=\"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, Anal\u00fdza ABCD, syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d, anal\u00fdza n\u00e1kladov, sie\u0165ov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza.\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:publisher\" content=\"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/vrtulniky\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:published_time\" content=\"2022-12-20T06:12:00+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2024-05-13T12:58:08+00:00\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:image\" content=\"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/letecky-vikend-kosice-060.jpg\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:width\" content=\"800\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:height\" content=\"600\" \/>\n\t<meta property=\"og:image:type\" content=\"image\/jpeg\" \/>\n<meta name=\"author\" content=\"Bc. Januska\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Autor\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"Bc. Januska\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:label2\" content=\"Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data2\" content=\"8 min\u00fat\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\\\/\\\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"Article\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/#article\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/\"},\"author\":{\"name\":\"Bc. Januska\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7ff007765bc70c0a20e1487aebea02d9\"},\"headline\":\"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-12-20T06:12:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-13T12:58:08+00:00\",\"mainEntityOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/\"},\"wordCount\":1892,\"commentCount\":0,\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#organization\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/letecky-vikend-kosice-060.jpg\",\"keywords\":[\"logistika\",\"met\u00f3dy\"],\"articleSection\":[\"Obchod\",\"Pracujem\"],\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"CommentAction\",\"name\":\"Comment\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/#respond\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/\",\"name\":\"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#website\"},\"primaryImageOfPage\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/#primaryimage\"},\"thumbnailUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/letecky-vikend-kosice-060.jpg\",\"datePublished\":\"2022-12-20T06:12:00+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2024-05-13T12:58:08+00:00\",\"description\":\"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, Anal\u00fdza ABCD, syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d, anal\u00fdza n\u00e1kladov, sie\u0165ov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza.\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/#primaryimage\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/letecky-vikend-kosice-060.jpg\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/letecky-vikend-kosice-060.jpg\",\"width\":800,\"height\":600},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\\\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/\",\"name\":\"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem\",\"description\":\"Vrtu\u013en\u00edky.sk\",\"publisher\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#organization\"},\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":{\"@type\":\"PropertyValueSpecification\",\"valueRequired\":true,\"valueName\":\"search_term_string\"}}],\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\"},{\"@type\":\"Organization\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#organization\",\"name\":\"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/\",\"logo\":{\"@type\":\"ImageObject\",\"inLanguage\":\"sk-SK\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/news-vrtulniky-sk-logo-e1660318023553.png\",\"contentUrl\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/wp-content\\\/uploads\\\/2022\\\/08\\\/news-vrtulniky-sk-logo-e1660318023553.png\",\"width\":201,\"height\":200,\"caption\":\"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem\"},\"image\":{\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/logo\\\/image\\\/\"},\"sameAs\":[\"https:\\\/\\\/www.facebook.com\\\/vrtulniky\\\/\"]},{\"@type\":\"Person\",\"@id\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/#\\\/schema\\\/person\\\/7ff007765bc70c0a20e1487aebea02d9\",\"name\":\"Bc. Januska\",\"url\":\"https:\\\/\\\/www.vrtulniky.sk\\\/news\\\/author\\\/jana6121\\\/\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d","description":"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, Anal\u00fdza ABCD, syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d, anal\u00fdza n\u00e1kladov, sie\u0165ov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza.","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/","og_locale":"sk_SK","og_type":"article","og_title":"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d","og_description":"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, Anal\u00fdza ABCD, syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d, anal\u00fdza n\u00e1kladov, sie\u0165ov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza.","og_url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/","og_site_name":"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem","article_publisher":"https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/vrtulniky\/","article_published_time":"2022-12-20T06:12:00+00:00","article_modified_time":"2024-05-13T12:58:08+00:00","og_image":[{"width":800,"height":600,"url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/letecky-vikend-kosice-060.jpg","type":"image\/jpeg"}],"author":"Bc. Januska","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Autor":"Bc. Januska","Predpokladan\u00fd \u010das \u010d\u00edtania":"8 min\u00fat"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"Article","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/#article","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/"},"author":{"name":"Bc. Januska","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/7ff007765bc70c0a20e1487aebea02d9"},"headline":"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d","datePublished":"2022-12-20T06:12:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-05-13T12:58:08+00:00","mainEntityOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/"},"wordCount":1892,"commentCount":0,"publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#organization"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/letecky-vikend-kosice-060.jpg","keywords":["logistika","met\u00f3dy"],"articleSection":["Obchod","Pracujem"],"inLanguage":"sk-SK","potentialAction":[{"@type":"CommentAction","name":"Comment","target":["https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/#respond"]}]},{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/","name":"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#website"},"primaryImageOfPage":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/#primaryimage"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/#primaryimage"},"thumbnailUrl":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/letecky-vikend-kosice-060.jpg","datePublished":"2022-12-20T06:12:00+00:00","dateModified":"2024-05-13T12:58:08+00:00","description":"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, Anal\u00fdza ABCD, syst\u00e9mov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d, anal\u00fdza n\u00e1kladov, sie\u0165ov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza.","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"sk-SK","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/"]}]},{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sk-SK","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/#primaryimage","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/letecky-vikend-kosice-060.jpg","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/letecky-vikend-kosice-060.jpg","width":800,"height":600},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/logisticke-metody-druhy-a-typy-logistickych-metod\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"Logistick\u00e9 met\u00f3dy, druhy a typy logistick\u00fdch met\u00f3d"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#website","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/","name":"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem","description":"Vrtu\u013en\u00edky.sk","publisher":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#organization"},"potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":{"@type":"PropertyValueSpecification","valueRequired":true,"valueName":"search_term_string"}}],"inLanguage":"sk-SK"},{"@type":"Organization","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#organization","name":"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/","logo":{"@type":"ImageObject","inLanguage":"sk-SK","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/news-vrtulniky-sk-logo-e1660318023553.png","contentUrl":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-content\/uploads\/2022\/08\/news-vrtulniky-sk-logo-e1660318023553.png","width":201,"height":200,"caption":"Podnik\u00e1m, lietam a relaxujem"},"image":{"@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#\/schema\/logo\/image\/"},"sameAs":["https:\/\/www.facebook.com\/vrtulniky\/"]},{"@type":"Person","@id":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/#\/schema\/person\/7ff007765bc70c0a20e1487aebea02d9","name":"Bc. Januska","url":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/author\/jana6121\/"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8587","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/15"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=8587"}],"version-history":[{"count":0,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/8587\/revisions"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/24941"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=8587"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=8587"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.vrtulniky.sk\/news\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=8587"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}